User Commands dcraw(1)
NAME
dcraw - command-line decoder for raw digital photos
SYNOPSIS
dcraw [OPTION]... [FILE]...
DESCRIPTION
dcraw decodes raw photos, displays metadata, and extracts
thumbnails.
GENERAL OPTIONS
-v Print verbose messages, not just warnings and errors.
-c Write decoded images or thumbnails to standard output.
-e Extract the camera-generated thumbnail, not the raw
image. You'll get either a JPEG or a PM file, depend-
ing on the camera.
-z Change the access and modification times of an AVI,
JPEG, TIF or raw file to when the photo was taken,
assuming that the camera clock was set to Universal
Time.
-i Identify files but don't decode them. Exit status is 0
if dcraw can decode the last file, 1 if it can't. -i
-v shows metadata.
dcraw
cannot decode JPEG files!!
REPAIR OPTIONS
For dead pixel removal, see FILES.
-k black
Set the black level. Default depends on the camera.
-K darkframe.pgm
Subtract a dark frame from the raw data. To generate a
dark frame, shoot a raw photo with no light and do
dcraw -D -4 -j -t 0.
-n noisethreshold
Use wavelets to erase noise while preserving real
detail. The best threshold should be somewhere between
100 and 1000.
-C redmag bluemag
Enlarge the raw red and blue layers by the given fac-
tors, typically 0.999 to 1.001, to correct chromatic
aberration.
SunOS 5.10 Last change: November 28, 2007 1
User Commands dcraw(1)
-H 0 Clip all highlights to solid white (default).
-H 1 Leave highlights unclipped in various shades of pink.
-H 2 Blend clipped and unclipped values together for a gra-
dual fade to white.
-H 3]
Reconstruct highlights. Low numbers favor whites; high
numbers favor colors. Try -H 5 as a compromise. If
that's not good enough, do -H 9, cut out the non-white
highlights, and paste them into an image generated with
-H 3.
COLOR OPTIONS
By default, dcraw uses a fixed white balance based on a
color chart illuminated with a standard D65 lamp.
-w Use the white balance specified by the camera. If this
is not found, print a warning and use another method.
-a Calculate the white balance by averaging the entire
image.
-A left top width height
Calculate the white balance by averaging a rectangular
area. First do dcraw -j -t 0 and select an area of
neutral grey color.
-r mul0 mul1 mul2 mul3
Specify your own raw white balance. These multipliers
can be cut and pasted from the output of dcraw -v.
]M or -M
Use (or don't use) any color matrix from the camera
metadata. The default is ]M if -w is set, -M other-
wise. This option only affects Olympus, Leaf, and
Phase One cameras.
-o [0-5]
Select the output colorspace when the -p option is not
used:
0 Raw color (unique to each camera)
1 sRGB D65 (default)
2 Adobe RGB (1998) D65
3 Wide Gamut RGB D65
4 Kodak ProPhoto RGB D65
5 XYZ
-p camera.icm [ -o output.icm ]
Use IC profiles to define the camera's raw colorspace
SunOS 5.10 Last change: November 28, 2007 2
User Commands dcraw(1)
and the desired output colorspace (sRGB by default).
-p embed
Use the IC profile embedded in the raw photo.
INTERPOLATION OPTIONS
-d Show the raw data as a grayscale image with no interpo-
lation. Good for photographing black-and-white docu-
ments.
-D Same as -d, but totally raw (no color scaling).
-h Output a half-size color image. Twice as fast as -q 0.
-q 0 Use high-speed, low-quality bilinear interpolation.
-q 1 Use Variable Number of Gradients (VNG) interpolation.
-q 2 Use Patterned Pixel Grouping (PG) interpolation.
-q 3 Use Adaptive Homogeneity-Directed (AHD) interpolation.
-f Interpolate RGB as four colors. Use this if the output
shows false 2x2 meshes with VNG or mazes with AHD.
-m numberofpasses
After interpolation, clean up color artifacts by
repeatedly applying a 3x3 median filter to the R-G and
B-G channels.
OUTPUT OPTIONS
By default, dcraw writes PGM/PM/PAM with 8-bit samples, a
BT.709 gamma curve, a histogram-based white level, and no
metadata.
-W Use a fixed white level, ignoring the image histogram.
-b brightness
Divide the white level by this number, 1.0 by default.
-4 Write 16-bit linear samples (fixed white level, no
gamma).
-T Write TIF with metadata instead of PGM/PM/PAM.
-t [0-7,90,180,270]
Flip the output image. By default, dcraw applies the
flip specified by the camera. -t 0 disables all flip-
ping.
-j For Fuji Super CD cameras, show the image tilted 45
degrees. For cameras with non-square pixels, do not
SunOS 5.10 Last change: November 28, 2007 3
User Commands dcraw(1)
stretch the image to its correct aspect ratio. In any
case, this option guarantees that each output pixel
corresponds to one raw pixel.
-s [0..N-1] or -s all
If a file contains N raw images, choose one or "all" to
decode. For example, Fuji Super CD SR cameras gen-
erate a second image underexposed four stops to show
detail in the highlights.
FILES
:./.badpixels, ../.badpixels, ../../.badpixels, ...
List of your camera's dead pixels, so that dcraw can
interpolate around them. Each line specifies the
column, row, and UNIX time of death for one pixel. For
example:
962 91 1028350000 # died between August 1 and 4, 2002
1285 1067 0 # don't know when this pixel died
These coordinates are before any cropping or rotation,
so use dcraw -j -t 0 to locate dead pixels.
SEE ALSO
pgm(5), ppm(5), pam(5), pnmgamma(1), pnmtotiff(1),
pnmtopng(1), gphoto2(1), cjpeg(1), djpeg(1)
AUTHOR
Written by David Coffin, dcoffin a cybercom o net
SunOS 5.10 Last change: November 28, 2007 4
|
