System Administration Commands dladm(1M)
NAME
dladm - administer data links
SYNOPSIS
dladm show-link [-P] [-s [-i interval] [-p] -o field[,...] [link]
dladm rename-link [-R root-dir] link new-link]
dladm delete-phys phys-link
dladm show-phys [-P] [-m] [-p] -o field[,...] [phys-link]
dladm create-aggr [-t] [-R root-dir] [-P policy] [-L mode]
[-T time] [-u address] -l ether-link1 [-l ether-link2...] aggr-link
dladm modify-aggr [-t] [-R root-dir] [-P policy] [-L mode]
[-T time] [-u address] aggr-link
dladm delete-aggr [-t] [-R root-dir] aggr-link
dladm add-aggr [-t] [-R root-dir] -l ether-link1 [-l ether-link2...]
aggr-link
dladm remove-aggr [-t] [-R root-dir] -l ether-link1 [-l ether-link2...]
aggr-link
dladm show-aggr [-PLx] [-s [-i interval] [-p] -o field[,...]
[aggr-link]
dladm create-vlan [-ft] [-R root-dir] -l ether-link -v vid [vlan-link]
dladm delete-vlan [-t] [-R root-dir] vlan-link
dladm show-vlan [-P] [-p] -o field[,...] [vlan-link]
dladm scan-wifi [-p] -o field[,...] [wifi-link]
dladm connect-wifi [-e essid] [-i bssid] [-k key,...]
[-s none wep wpa ] [-a open shared] [-b bss ibss] [-c]
[-m a b g] [-T time] [wifi-link]
dladm disconnect-wifi [-a] [wifi-link]
dladm show-wifi [-p] -o field[,...] [wifi-link]
dladm show-ether [-x] [-p] -o field[,...] [ether-link]
dladm set-linkprop [-t] [-R root-dir] -p prop=value[,...] link
dladm reset-linkprop [-t] [-R root-dir] [-p prop[,...] link
dladm show-linkprop [-P] [-c] -o field[,...] [-p prop[,...] [link]
dladm create-secobj [-t] [-R root-dir] [-f file] -c class secobj
dladm delete-secobj [-t] [-R root-dir] secobj[,...]
dladm show-secobj [-P] [-p] -o field[,...] [secobj,...]
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dladm create-vnic [-t] -l link [-R root-dir] [-m value auto
{factory -n slot-identifier]} {random [-r prefix]}]
[-v vlan-id] [-p prop=value[,...] vnic-link
dladm delete-vnic [-t] [-R root-dir] vnic-link
dladm show-vnic [-pP] [-s [-i interval] [-o field[,...]
[-l link] [vnic-link]
dladm create-etherstub [-t] [-R root-dir] etherstub
dladm delete-etherstub [-t] [-R root-dir] etherstub
dladm show-etherstub [etherstub]
dladm show-usage [-a] -f filename [-p plotfile -F format] [-s time]
[-e time] [link]
DESCRIPTION
The dladm command is used to administer data-links. A data-
link is represented in the system as a STREAMS DLPI (v2)
interface which can be plumbed under protocol stacks such as
TCP/IP. Each data-link relies on either a single network
device or an aggregation of devices to send packets to or
receive packets from a network.
Each dladm subcommand operates on one of the following
objects:
link
A datalink, identified by a name. In general, the name
can use any alphanumeric characters (or the underscore,
), but must start with an alphabetic character and end
with a number. A datalink name can be at most 32 charac-
ters, and the ending number can be at most 16 charac-
ters. Datalink names between 3 and 8 characters are
recommended.
Some subcommands operate only on certain types or
classes of datalinks. For those cases, the following
object names are used:
phys-link
A physical datalink.
vlan-link
A VLAN datalink.
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aggr-link
An aggregation datalink (or a key; see NOTES).
ether-link
A physical Ethernet datalink.
wifi-link
A WiFi datalink.
vnic-link
A virtual network interface.
dev
A network device, identified by concatenation of a
driver name and an instance number.
etherstub
An Ethernet stub can be used instead of a physical NIC
to create VNICs. VNICs created on an etherstub will
appear to be connected through a virtual switch, allow-
ing complete virtual networks to be built without physi-
cal hardware.
secobj
A secure object, identified by an administratively-
chosen name. The name can use any alphanumeric charac-
ters, as well as underscore (), period (.), and hyphen
(-). A secure object name can be at most 32 characters.
vnic
A VNIC is a virtual-link created on a link or an ether-
stub. It is a pseudo device that can be treated as if it
were an network interface card on a machine.
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SUBCOMANDS
The following subcommands are supported:
dladm show-link [-P] [-s [-i interval] [-p] -o
field[,...][link]
Show link configuration information (the default) or
statistics, either for all datalinks or for the speci-
fied link link. By default, the system is configured
with one datalink for each known network device.
-o field[,...], --output=field[,...]
A case-insensitive, comma-separated list of output
fields to display. When not modified by the -s
option (described below), the field name must be one
of the fields listed below, or the special value all
to display all fields. By default (without -o),
show-link displays all fields.
LINK
The name of the datalink.
CLAS
The class of the datalink. dladm distinguishes
between the following classes:
phys
A physical datalink. The show-phys subcom-
mand displays more detail for this class of
datalink.
aggr
An IE 802.3ad link aggregation. The show-
aggr subcommand displays more detail for
this class of datalink.
vlan
A VLAN datalink. The show-vlan subcommand
displays more detail for this class of
datalink.
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vnic
A virtual network interface. The show-vnic
subcommand displays more detail for this
class of datalink.
MTU
The maximum transmission unit size for the
datalink being displayed.
STATE
The link state of the datalink. The state can be
up, down, or unknown.
OVER
The physical datalink(s) over which the datalink
is operating. This applies to aggr and vlan
classes of datalinks. A VLAN is created over a
single physical datalink, and an aggregation is
comprised of one or more physical datalinks.
When the -o option is used in conjunction with the
-s option, used to display link statistics, the
field name must be one of the fields listed below,
or the special value all to display all fields
LINK
The name of the datalink.
IPACKETS
Number of packets received on this link.
RBYTES
Number of bytes received on this link.
IERORS
Number of input errors.
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OPACKETS
Number of packets sent on this link.
OBYTES
Number of bytes received on this link.
OERORS
Number of output errors.
-p, --parseable
Display using a stable machine-parseable format. The
-o option is required with -p. See "Parseable Output
Format", below.
-P, --persistent
Display the persistent link configuration.
-s, --statistics
Display link statistics.
-i interval, --interval=interval
Used with the -s option to specify an interval, in
seconds, at which statistics should be displayed. If
this option is not specified, statistics will be
displayed only once.
dladm rename-link [-R root-dir] link new-link]
Rename link to new-link. This is used to give a link a
meaningful name, or to associate existing link confi-
guration such as link properties of a removed device
with a new device. See the EXAMPLES section for specific
examples of how this subcommand is used.
-R root-dir, --root-dir=root-dir
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Specifies an alternate root directory where the link
rename operation should apply.
dladm delete-phys phys-link
This command is used to delete the persistent configura-
tion of a link associated with physical hardware which
has been removed from the system. See the EXAMPLES sec-
tion.
dladm show-phys [-P] [-p] -o field[,...] [phys-link]
Show the physical device and attributes of all physical
links, or of the named physical link. Without -P, only
physical links that are available on the running system
are displayed.
-o field, --output=field
A case-insensitive, comma-separated list of output
fields to display. The field name must be one of the
fields listed below, or the special value all, to
display all fields. For each link, the following
fields can be displayed:
LINK
The name of the datalink.
MEDIA
The media type provided by the physical
datalink.
STATE
The state of the link. This can be up, down, or
unknown.
SPED
The current speed of the link, in megabits per
second.
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DUPLEX
For Ethernet links, the full/half duplex status
of the link is displayed if the link state is
up. The duplex is displayed as unknown in all
other cases.
DEVICE
The name of the physical device under this link.
-p, --parseable
Display using a stable machine-parseable format. The
-o option is required with -p. See "Parseable Output
Format", below.
-P, --persistent
This option displays persistent configuration for
all links, including those that have been removed
from the system. The output provides a FLAGS column
in which the r flag indicates that the physical dev-
ice associated with a physical link has been
removed. For such links, delete-phys can be used to
purge the link's configuration from the system.
dladm create-aggr [-t] [-R root-dir] [-P policy] [-L mode]
[-T time] [-u address] -l ether-link1 [-l ether-link2...]
aggr-link
Combine a set of links into a single IE 802.3ad link
aggregation named aggr-link. The use of an integer key
to generate a link name for the aggregation is also sup-
ported for backward compatibility. Many of the *-aggr
subcommands below also support the use of a key to refer
to a given aggregation, but use of the aggregation link
name is preferred. See the NOTES section for more infor-
mation on keys.
-l ether-link, --link=ether-link
Each Ethernet link (or port) in the aggregation is
specified using an -l option followed by the name of
the link to be included in the aggregation. Multiple
links are included in the aggregation by specifying
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multiple -l options. For backward compatibility with
previous versions of Solaris, the dladm command also
supports the using the -d option (or --dev) with a
device name to specify links by their underlying
device name. The other *-aggr subcommands that take
-loptions also accept -d.
-t, --temporary
Specifies that the aggregation is temporary. Tem-
porary aggregations last until the next reboot.
-R root-dir, --root-dir=root-dir
Specifies an alternate root directory where dladm
should apply persistent creation.
-P policy, --policy=policy
Specifies the port selection policy to use for load
spreading of outbound traffic. The policy specifies
which dev object is used to send packets. A policy
is a list of one or more layers specifiers separated
by commas. A layer specifier is one of the follow-
ing:
L2
Select outbound device according to source and
destination MAC addresses of the packet.
L3
Select outbound device according to source and
destination IP addresses of the packet.
L4
Select outbound device according to the upper
layer protocol information contained in the
packet. For TCP and UDP, this includes source
and destination ports. For IPsec,, this includes
the SPI (Security Parameters Index.)
For example, to use upper layer protocol informa-
tion, the following policy can be used:
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-P L4
To use the source and destination MAC addresses as
well as the source and destination IP addresses, the
following policy can be used:
-P L2,L3
-L mode, --lacp-mode=mode
Specifies whether LACP should be used and, if used,
the mode in which it should operate. Supported
values are off, active or passive.
-T time, --lacp-timer=time
Specifies the LACP timer value. The supported values
are short or longjjj.
-u address, --unicast=address
Specifies a fixed unicast hardware address to be
used for the aggregation. If this option is not
specified, then an address is automatically chosen
from the set of addresses of the component devices.
dladm modify-aggr [-t] [-R root-dir] [-P policy] [-L mode]
[-T time] [-u address] aggr-link
Modify the parameters of the specified aggregation.
-t, --temporary
Specifies that the modification is temporary. Tem-
porary aggregations last until the next reboot.
-R root-dir, --root-dir=root-dir
Specifies an alternate root directory where dladm
should apply persistent modifications.
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-P policy, --policy=policy
Specifies the port selection policy to use for load
spreading of outbound traffic. See dladm create-aggr
for a description of valid policy values.
-L mode, --lacp-mode=mode
Specifies whether LACP should be used and, if used,
the mode in which it should operate. Supported
values are off, active, or passive.
-T time, --lacp-timer=time
Specifies the LACP timer value. The supported values
are short or long.
-u address, --unicast=address
Specifies a fixed unicast hardware address to be
used for the aggregation. If this option is not
specified, then an address is automatically chosen
from the set of addresses of the component devices.
dladm delete-aggr [-t] [-R root-dir] aggr-link
Deletes the specified aggregation.
-t, --temporary
Specifies that the deletion is temporary. Temporary
deletions last until the next reboot.
-R root-dir, --root-dir=root-dir
Specifies an alternate root directory where dladm
should apply persistent deletions.
dladm add-aggr [-t] [-R root-dir] -l ether-link1 [--
link=ether-link2...] aggr-link
Adds links to the specified aggregation.
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-l ether-link, --link=ether-link
Specifies an Ethernet link to add to the aggrega-
tion. Multiple links can be added by supplying mul-
tiple -l options.
-t, --temporary
Specifies that the additions are temporary. Tem-
porary additions last until the next reboot.
-R root-dir, --root-dir=root-dir
Specifies an alternate root directory where dladm
should apply persistent additions.
dladm remove-aggr [-t] [-R root-dir] -l ether-link1 [--
link=ether-link2...] aggr-link
Removes links from the specified aggregation.
-l ether-link, --link=ether-link
Specifies an Ethernet link to remove from the aggre-
gation. Multiple links can be added by supplying
multiple -l options.
-t, --temporary
Specifies that the removals are temporary. Temporary
removal last until the next reboot.
-R root-dir, --root-dir=root-dir
Specifies an alternate root directory where dladm
should apply persistent removals.
dladm show-aggr [-PLx] [-s [-i interval] [-p] -o
field[,...] [aggr-link]
Show aggregation configuration (the default), LACP
information, or statistics, either for all aggregations
or for the specified aggregation.
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By default (with no options), the following fields can
be displayed:
LINK
The name of the aggregation link.
POLICY
The LACP policy of the aggregation. See the create-
aggr -P option for a description of the possible
values.
ADRPOLICY
Either auto, if the aggregation is configured to
automatically configure its unicast MAC address (the
default if the -u option was not used to create or
modify the aggregation), or fixed, if -u was used to
set a fixed MAC address.
LACPACTIVITY
The LACP mode of the aggregation. Possible values
are off, active, or passive, as set by the -l option
to create-aggr or modify-aggr.
LACPTIMER
The LACP timer value of the aggregation as set by
the -T option of create-aggr or modify-aggr.
FLAGS
A set of state flags associated with the aggrega-
tion. The only possible flag is f, which is
displayed if the administrator forced the creation
the aggregation using the -f option to create-aggr.
Other flags might be defined in the future.
The show-aggr command accepts the following options:
-L, --lacp
Displays detailed LACP information for the aggrega-
tion link and each underlying port. Most of the
state information displayed by this option is
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defined by IE 802.3. With this option, the follow-
ing fields can be displayed:
LINK
The name of the aggregation link.
PORT
The name of one of the underlying aggregation
ports.
AGREGATABLE
Whether the port can be added to the aggrega-
tion.
SYNC
If yes, the system considers the port to be syn-
chronized and part of the aggregation.
COL
If yes, collection of incoming frames is enabled
on the associated port.
DIST
If yes, distribution of outgoing frames is
enabled on the associated port.
DEFAULTED
If yes, the port is using defaulted partner
information (that is, has not received LACP data
from the LACP partner).
EXPIRED
If yes, the receive state of the port is in the
EXPIRED state.
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-x, --extended
Display additional aggregation information including
detailed information on each underlying port. With
-x, the following fields can be displayed:
LINK
The name of the aggregation link.
PORT
The name of one of the underlying aggregation
ports.
SPED
The speed of the link or port in megabits per
second.
DUPLEX
The full/half duplex status of the link or port
is displayed if the link state is up. The duplex
status is displayed as unknown in all other
cases.
STATE
The link state. This can be up, down, or
unknown.
ADRES
The MAC address of the link or port.
PORTSTATE
This indicates whether the individual aggrega-
tion port is in the standby or attached state.
-o field[,...], --output=field[,...]
A case-insensitive, comma-separated list of output
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fields to display. The field name must be one of the
fields listed above, or the special value all, to
display all fields. The fields applicable to the -o
option are limited to those listed under each output
mode. For example, if using -L, only the fields
listed under -L, above, can be used with -o.
-p, --parseable
Display using a stable machine-parseable format. The
-o option is required with -p. See "Parseable Output
Format", below.
-P, --persistent
Display the persistent aggregation configuration
rather than the state of the running system.
-s, --statistics
Displays aggregation statistics.
-i interval, --interval=interval
Used with the -s option to specify an interval, in
seconds, at which statistics should be displayed. If
this option is not specified, statistics will be
displayed only once.
dladm create-vlan [-ft] [-R root-dir] -l ether-link -v vid
[vlan-link]
Create a tagged VLAN link with an ID of vid over Ether-
net link ether-link. The name of the VLAN link can be
specified as vlan-link. If the name is not specified, a
name will be automatically generated (assuming that
ether-link is namePA) as:
<1000 * vlan-tag ] PA>
For example, if ether-link is bge1 and vid is 2, the
name generated is bge2001.
-f, --force
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Force the creation of the VLAN link. Some devices do
not allow frame sizes large enough to include a VLAN
header. When creating a VLAN link over such a dev-
ice, the -f option is needed, and the MTU of the IP
interfaces on the resulting VLAN must be set to 1496
instead of 1500.
-t, --temporary
Specifies that the VLAN link is temporary. Temporary
VLAN links last until the next reboot.
-R root-dir, --root-dir=root-dir
Specifies an alternate root directory where dladm
should create the VLAN link.
dladm delete-vlan [-t] [-R root-dir] vlan-link
Delete the VLAN link specified.
The delete-vlansubcommand accepts the following options:
-t, --temporary
Specifies that the deletion is temporary. Temporary
deletions last until the next reboot.
-R root-dir, --root-dir=root-dir
Specifies an alternate root directory where dladm
should apply persistent deletions.
dladm show-vlan [-P] [-p] -o field[,...] [vlan-link]
Display VLAN configuration for all VLAN links or for the
specified VLAN link.
The show-vlansubcommand accepts the following options:
-o field[,...], --output=field[,...]
A case-insensitive, comma-separated list of output
fields to display. The field name must be one of the
fields listed below, or the special value all, to
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display all fields. For each VLAN link, the follow-
ing fields can be displayed:
LINK
The name of the VLAN link.
VID
The ID associated with the VLAN.
OVER
The name of the physical link over which this
VLAN is configured.
FLAGS
A set of flags associated with the VLAN link.
Possible flags are:
f
The VLAN was created using the -f option to
create-vlan.
i
The VLAN was implicitly created when the
DLPI link was opened. These VLAN links are
automatically deleted on last close of the
DLPI link (for example, when the IP inter-
face associated with the VLAN link is
unplumbed).
Additional flags might be defined in the future.
-p, --parseable
Display using a stable machine-parseable format. The
-o option is required with -p. See "Parseable Output
Format", below.
-P, --persistent
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Display the persistent VLAN configuration rather
than the state of the running system.
dladm scan-wifi [-p] -o field[,...] [wifi-link]
Scans for WiFi networks, either on all WiFi links, or
just on the specified wifi-link.
By default, currently all fields but BSTYPE are
displayed.
-o field[,...], --output=field[,...]
A case-insensitive, comma-separated list of output
fields to display. The field name must be one of the
fields listed below, or the special value all to
display all fields. For each WiFi network found, the
following fields can be displayed:
LINK
The name of the link the WiFi network is on.
ESID
The ESID (name) of the WiFi network.
BSID
Either the hardware address of the WiFi
network's Access Point (for BS networks), or
the WiFi network's randomly generated unique
token (for IBS networks).
SEC
Either none for a WiFi network that uses no
security, wep for a WiFi network that requires
WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy), or wpa for a
WiFi network that requires WPA (Wi-Fi Protected
Access).
MODE
The supported connection modes: one or more of
a, b, or g.
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STRENGTH
The strength of the signal: one of excellent,
very good, good, weak, or very weak.
SPED
The maximum speed of the WiFi network, in mega-
bits per second.
BSTYPE
Either bss for BS (infrastructure) networks, or
ibss for IBS (ad-hoc) networks.
-p, --parseable
Display using a stable machine-parseable format. The
-o option is required with -p. See "Parseable Output
Format", below.
dladm connect-wifi [-e essid] [-i bssid] [-k key,...] [-s
none wep wpa] [-a openshared] [-b bssibss] [-c] [-m
abg] [-T time] [wifi-link]
Connects to a WiFi network. This consists of four steps:
discovery, filtration, prioritization, and association.
However, to enable connections to non-broadcast WiFi
networks and to improve performance, if a BSID or ESID
is specified using the -e or -i options, then the first
three steps are skipped and connect-wifi immediately
attempts to associate with a BSID or ESID that matches
the rest of the provided parameters. If this association
fails, but there is a possibility that other networks
matching the specified criteria exist, then the tradi-
tional discovery process begins as specified below.
The discovery step finds all available WiFi networks on
the specified WiFi link, which must not yet be con-
nected. For administrative convenience, if there is only
one WiFi link on the system, wifi-link can be omitted.
Once discovery is complete, the list of networks is fil-
tered according to the value of the following options:
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-e essid, --essid=essid
Networks that do not have the same essid are fil-
tered out.
-b bssibss, --bsstype=bssibss
Networks that do not have the same bsstype are fil-
tered out.
-m abg, --mode=abg
Networks not appropriate for the specified 802.11
mode are filtered out.
-k key,..., --key=key, ...
Use the specified secobj named by the key to connect
to the network. Networks not appropriate for the
specified keys are filtered out.
-s nonewepwpa, --sec=nonewepwpa
Networks not appropriate for the specified security
mode are filtered out.
Next, the remaining networks are prioritized, first by
signal strength, and then by maximum speed. Finally, an
attempt is made to associate with each network in the
list, in order, until one succeeds or no networks
remain.
In addition to the options described above, the follow-
ing options also control the behavior of connect-wifi:
-a openshared, --auth=openshared
Connect using the specified authentication mode. By
default, open and shared are tried in order.
-c, --create-ibss
Used with -b ibss to create a new ad-hoc network if
one matching the specified ESID cannot be found. If
no ESID is specified, then -c -b ibss always
triggers the creation of a new ad-hoc network.
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-T time, --timeout=time
Specifies the number of seconds to wait for associa-
tion to succeed. If time is forever, then the asso-
ciate will wait indefinitely. The current default is
ten seconds, but this might change in the future.
Timeouts shorter than the default might not succeed
reliably.
-k key,..., --key=key,...
In addition to the filtering previously described,
the specified keys will be used to secure the asso-
ciation. The security mode to use will be based on
the key class; if a security mode was explicitly
specified, it must be compatible with the key class.
All keys must be of the same class.
For security modes that support multiple key slots,
the slot to place the key will be specified by a
colon followed by an index. Therefore, -k mykey:3
places mykey in slot 3. By default, slot 1 is
assumed. For security modes that support multiple
keys, a comma-separated list can be specified, with
the first key being the active key.
dladm disconnect-wifi [-a] [wifi-link]
Disconnect from one or more WiFi networks. If wifi-link
specifies a connected WiFi link, then it is discon-
nected. For administrative convenience, if only one WiFi
link is connected, wifi-link can be omitted.
-a, --all-links
Disconnects from all connected links. This is pri-
marily intended for use by scripts.
dladm show-wifi [-p] -o field,...] [wifi-link]
Shows WiFi configuration information either for all WiFi
links or for the specified link wifi-link.
-o field,..., --output=field
A case-insensitive, comma-separated list of output
fields to display. The field name must be one of the
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System Administration Commands dladm(1M)
fields listed below, or the special value all, to
display all fields. For each WiFi link, the follow-
ing fields can be displayed:
LINK
The name of the link being displayed.
STATUS
Either connected if the link is connected, or
disconnected if it is not connected. If the link
is disconnected, all remaining fields have the
value --.
ESID
The ESID (name) of the connected WiFi network.
BSID
Either the hardware address of the WiFi
network's Access Point (for BS networks), or
the WiFi network's randomly generated unique
token (for IBS networks).
SEC
Either none for a WiFi network that uses no
security, wep for a WiFi network that requires
WEP, or wpa for a WiFi network that requires
WPA.
MODE
The supported connection modes: one or more of
a, b, or g.
STRENGTH
The connection strength: one of excellent, very
good, good, weak, or very weak.
SPED
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The connection speed, in megabits per second.
AUTH
Either open or shared (see connect-wifi).
BSTYPE
Either bss for BS (infrastructure) networks, or
ibss for IBS (ad-hoc) networks.
By default, currently all fields but AUTH, BSID,
BSTYPE are displayed.
-p, --parseable
Displays using a stable machine-parseable format.
The -o option is required with -p. See "Parseable
Output Format", below.
dladm show-ether [-x] [-p] -o field,...] [ether-link]
Shows state information either for all physical Ethernet
links or for a specified physical Ethernet link.
The show-ether subcommand accepts the following options:
-o field,..., --output=field
A case-insensitive, comma-separated list of output
fields to display. The field name must be one of the
fields listed below, or the special value all to
display all fields. For each link, the following
fields can be displayed:
LINK
The name of the link being displayed.
PTYPE
Parameter type, where current indicates the
negotiated state of the link, capable indicates
capabilities supported by the device, adv indi-
cates the advertised capabilities, and peeradv
indicates the capabilities advertised by the
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link-partner.
STATE
The state of the link.
AUTO
A yes/no value indicating whether auto-
negotiation is advertised.
SPED-DUPLEX
Combinations of speed and duplex values avail-
able. The units of speed are encoded with a
trailing suffix of G (Gigabits/s) or M (Mb/s).
Duplex values are encoded as f (full-duplex) or
h (half-duplex).
PAUSE
Flow control information. Can be no, indicating
no flow control is available; tx, indicating
that the end-point can transmit pause frames,
but ignores any received pause frames; rx, indi-
cating that the end-point receives and acts upon
received pause frames; or bi, indicating bi-
directional flow-control.
REMFAULT
Fault detection information. Valid values are
none or fault.
By default, all fields except REMFAULT are
displayed for the "current" PTYPE.
-p, --parseable
Displays using a stable machine-parseable format.
The -o option is required with -p. See "Parseable
Output Format", below.
-x, --extended
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Extended output is displayed for PTYPE values of
current, capable, adv and peeradv.
dladm set-linkprop [-t] [-R root-dir] -p prop=value[,...]
link
Sets the values of one or more properties on the link
specified. The list of properties and their possible
values depend on the link type, the network device
driver, and networking hardware. These properties can be
retrieved using show-linkprop.
-t, --temporary
Specifies that the changes are temporary. Temporary
changes last until the next reboot.
-R root-dir, --root-dir=root-dir
Specifies an alternate root directory where dladm
should apply persistent creation.
-p prop=value[,...], --prop prop=value[,...]
A comma-separated list of properties to set to the
specified values.
Note that when the persistent value is set, the tem-
porary value changes to the same value.
dladm reset-linkprop [-t] [-R root-dir] -p prop,... link
Resets one or more properties to their values on the
link specified. Properties are reset to the values they
had at startup. If no properties are specified, all pro-
perties are reset. See show-linkprop for a description
of properties.
-t, --temporary
Specifies that the resets are temporary. Values are
reset to default values. Temporary resets last until
the next reboot.
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-R root-dir, --root-dir=root-dir
Specifies an alternate root directory where dladm
should apply persistent creation.
-p prop, ..., --prop=prop, ...
A comma-separated list of properties to reset.
Note that when the persistent value is reset, the tem-
porary value changes to the same value.
dladm show-linkprop [-P] [-c] -o field[,...][-p
prop[,...] [link]
Show the current or persistent values of one or more
properties, either for all datalinks or for the speci-
fied link. By default, current values are shown. If no
properties are specified, all available link properties
are displayed. For each property, the following fields
are displayed:
-o field[,...], --output=field
A case-insensitive, comma-separated list of output
fields to display. The field name must be one of the
fields listed below, or the special value all to
display all fields. For each link, the following
fields can be displayed:
LINK
The name of the datalink.
PROPERTY
The name of the property.
PERM
The read/write permissions of the property. The
value shown is one of ro or rw.
VALUE
The current (or persistent) property value. If
the value is not set, it is shown as --. If it
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is unknown, the value is shown as ?. Persistent
values that are not set or have been reset will
be shown as -- and will use the system DEFAULT
value (if any).
DEFAULT
The default value of the property. If the pro-
perty has no default value, -- is shown.
POSIBLE
A comma-separated list of the values the pro-
perty can have. If the values span a numeric
range, min - max might be shown as shorthand. If
the possible values are unknown or unbounded, --
is shown.
The list of properties depends on the link type and
network device driver, and the available values for
a given property further depends on the underlying
network hardware and its state. General link proper-
ties are documented in the LINK PROPERTIES section.
However, link properties that begin with "" (under-
bar) are specific to a given link or its underlying
network device and subject to change or removal. See
the appropriate network device driver man page for
details.
-c, --parseable
Display using a stable machine-parseable format. The
-o option is required with this option. See "Parse-
able Output Format", below.
-P, --persistent
Display persistent link property information
-p prop, ..., --prop=prop, ...
A comma-separated list of properties to show. See
the sections on link properties following subcommand
descriptions.
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System Administration Commands dladm(1M)
dladm create-secobj [-t] [-R root-dir] [-f file] -c class
secobj
Create a secure object named secobj in the specified
class to be later used as a WEP or WPA key in connecting
to an encrypted network. The value of the secure object
can either be provided interactively or read from a
file. The sequence of interactive prompts and the file
format depends on the class of the secure object.
Currently, the classes wep and wpa are supported. The
WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) key can be either 5 or 13
bytes long. It can be provided either as an ASCI or
hexadecimal string -- thus, 12345" and "0x3132333435 are
equivalent 5-byte keys (the 0x prefix can be omitted). A
file containing a WEP key must consist of a single line
using either WEP key format. The WPA (Wi-Fi Protected
Access) key must be provided as an ASCI string with a
length between 8 and 63 bytes.
This subcommand is only usable by users or roles that
belong to the "Network Link Security" RBAC profile.
-c class, --class=class
class can be wep or wpa. See preceding discussion.
-t, --temporary
Specifies that the creation is temporary. Temporary
creation last until the next reboot.
-R root-dir, --root-dir=root-dir
Specifies an alternate root directory where dladm
should apply persistent creation.
-f file, --file=file
Specifies a file that should be used to obtain the
secure object's value. The format of this file
depends on the secure object class. See the EXAMPLES
section for an example of using this option to set a
WEP key.
dladm delete-secobj [-t] [-R root-dir] secobj[,...]
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Delete one or more specified secure objects. This sub-
command is only usable by users or roles that belong to
the "Network Link Security" RBAC profile.
-t, --temporary
Specifies that the deletions are temporary. Tem-
porary deletions last until the next reboot.
-R root-dir, --root-dir=root-dir
Specifies an alternate root directory where dladm
should apply persistent deletions
dladm show-secobj [-P] [-p] -o field[,...] [secobj,...]
Show current or persistent secure object information. If
one or more secure objects are specified, then informa-
tion for each is displayed. Otherwise, all current or
persistent secure objects are displayed.
By default, current secure objects are displayed, which
are all secure objects that have either been per-
sistently created and not temporarily deleted, or tem-
porarily created.
For security reasons, it is not possible to show the
value of a secure object.
-o field[,...] , --output=field[,...]
A case-insensitive, comma-separated list of output
fields to display. The field name must be one of the
fields listed below. For displayed secure object,
the following fields can be shown:
OBJECT
The name of the secure object.
CLAS
The class of the secure object.
-p, --parseable
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Display using a stable machine-parseable format. The
-o option is required with -p. See "Parseable Output
Format", below.
-P, --persistent
Display persistent secure object information
dladm create-vnic [-t] -l link [-R root-dir] [-m value
auto {factory [-n slot-identifier]} {random [-r pre-
fix]}] [-v vlan-id] [-p prop=value[,...] vnic-link
Create a VNIC with name vnic-link over the specified
link.
-t, --temporary
Specifies that the VNIC is temporary. Temporary
VNICs last until the next reboot.
-R root-dir, --root-dir=root-dir
Specifies an alternate root directory where dladm
should apply persistent creation.
-l link, --link=link
link can be a physical link or an etherstub.
-m value keyword, --mac-address=value keyword
Sets the VNIC's MAC address based on the specified
value or keyword. If value is not a keyword, it is
interpreted as a unicast MAC address, which must be
valid for the underlying NIC. The following special
keywords can be used:
factory [-n slot-identifier],
factory [--slot=slot-identifier]
Assign a factory MAC address to the VNIC. When a
factory MAC address is requested, -m can be com-
bined with the -n option to specify a MAC
address slot to be used. If -n is not specified,
the system will choose the next available fac-
tory MAC address. The -m option of the show-phys
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System Administration Commands dladm(1M)
subcommand can be used to display the list of
factory MAC addresses, their slot identifiers,
and their availability.
random [-r prefix],
random [--mac-prefix=prefix]
Assign a random MAC address to the VNIC. A
default prefix consisting of a valid IE OUI
with the local bit set will be used. That prefix
can be overridden with the -r option.
auto
Try and use a factory MAC address first. If none
is available, assign a random MAC address. auto
is the default action if the -m option is not
specified.
-v vlan-id
Enable VLAN tagging for this VNIC. The VLAN tag
will have id vlan-id.
-p prop=value,..., --prop prop=value,...
A comma-separated list of properties to set to the
specified values.
dladm delete-vnic [-t] [-R root-dir] vnic-link
Deletes the specified VNIC.
-t, --temporary
Specifies that the deletion is temporary. Temporary
deletions last until the next reboot.
-R root-dir, --root-dir=root-dir
Specifies an alternate root directory where dladm
should apply persistent creation.
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System Administration Commands dladm(1M)
dladm show-vnic [-pP] [-s [-i interval] [-l link] [vnic-
link]
Show VNIC configuration information (the default) or
statistics, for all VNICs, all VNICs on a link, or only
the specified vnic-link.
-o field[,...] , --output=field[,...]
A case-insensitive, comma-separated list of output
fields to display. The field name must be one of the
fields listed below. The field name must be one of
the fields listed below, or the special value all to
display all fields. By default (without -o), show-
vnic displays all fields.
LINK
The name of the VNIC.
OVER
The name of the physical link over which this
VNIC is configured.
SPED
The maximum speed of the VNIC, in megabits per
second.
MACADRES
MAC address of the VNIC.
MACADRTYPE
MAC address type of the VNIC. dladm distin-
guishes among the following MAC address types:
random
A random address assigned to the VNIC.
factory
A factory MAC address used by the VNIC.
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System Administration Commands dladm(1M)
-p, --parseable
Display using a stable machine-parseable format. The
-o option is required with -p. See "Parseable Output
Format", below.
-P, --persistent
Display the persistent VNIC configuration.
-s, --statistics
Displays VNIC statistics.
-i interval, --interval=interval
Used with the -s option to specify an interval, in
seconds, at which statistics should be displayed. If
this option is not specified, statistics will be
displayed only once.
-l link, --link=link
Display information for all VNICs on the named link.
dladm create-etherstub [-t] [-R root-dir] etherstub
Create an etherstub with the specified name.
-t, --temporary
Specifies that the etherstub is temporary. Temporary
etherstubs do not persist across reboots.
-R root-dir, --root-dir=root-dir
Specifies an alternate root directory where dladm
should apply persistent creation.
VNICs can be created on top of etherstubs instead of
physical NICs. As with physical NICs, such a creation
causes the stack to implicitly create a virtual switch
between the VNICs created on top of the same etherstub.
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System Administration Commands dladm(1M)
dladm delete-etherstub [-t] [-R root-dir] etherstub
Delete the specified etherstub.
-t, --temporary
Specifies that the deletion is temporary. Temporary
deletions last until the next reboot.
-R root-dir, --root-dir=root-dir
Specifies an alternate root directory where dladm
should apply persistent deletions.
dladm show-etherstub [etherstub]
Show all configured etherstubs by default, or the speci-
fied etherstub if etherstub is specified.
dladm show-usage [-a] -f filename [-p plotfile -F format]
[-s time] [-e time] [link]
Show the historical network usage from a stored extended
accounting file. Configuration and enabling of network
accounting through acctadm(1M) is required. The default
output will be the summary of network usage for the
entire period of time in which extended accounting was
enabled.
-a
Display all historical network usage for the speci-
fied period of time during which extended accounting
is enabled. This includes the usage information for
the links that have already been deleted.
-f filename, --file=filename
Read extended accounting records of network usage
from filename.
-F format, --format=format
Specifies the format of plotfile that is specified
by the -p option. As of this release, gnuplot is the
only supported format.
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System Administration Commands dladm(1M)
-p plotfile, --plot=plotfile
Write network usage data to a file of the format
specified by the -F option, which is required.
-s time, --start=time
-e time, --stop=time
Start and stop times for data display. Time is in
the format M/D/Y,hh:mm:ss.
link
If specified, display the network usage only for the
named link. Otherwise, display network usage for all
links.
Parseable Output Format
Many dladm subcommands have an option that displays output
in a machine-parseable format. The output format is one or
more lines of colon (:) delimited fields. The fields
displayed are specific to the subcommand used and are listed
under the entry for the -o option for a given subcommand.
Output includes only those fields requested by means of the
-o option, in the order requested.
When you request multiple fields, any literal colon charac-
ters are escaped by a backslash (\) before being output.
Similarly, literal backslash characters will also be escaped
(\\). This escape format is parseable by using shell read(1)
functions with the environment variable IFS=: (see EXAMPLES,
below). Note that escaping is not done when you request only
a single field.
General Link Properties
The following general link properties are supported:
autopush
Specifies the set of STREAMS modules to push on the
stream associated with a link when its DLPI device is
opened. It is a space-delimited list of modules.
The optional special character sequence [anchor] indi-
cates that a STREAMS anchor should be placed on the
stream at the module previously specified in the list.
It is an error to specify more than one anchor or to
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System Administration Commands dladm(1M)
have an anchor first in the list.
The autopush property is preferred over the more general
autopush(1M) command.
cpus
Bind the processing of packets for a given data link to
a processor or a set of processors. The value can be a
comma-separated list of one or more processor ids. If
the list consists of more than one processor, the pro-
cessing will spread out to all the processors. Connec-
tion to processor affinity and packet ordering for any
individual connection will be maintained.
The processor or set of processors are not exclusively
reserved for the link. Only the kernel threads and
interrupts associated with processing of the link are
bound to the processor or the set of processors speci-
fied. In case it is desired that processors be dedicated
to the link, psrset(1M) can be used to create a proces-
sor set and then specifying the processors from the pro-
cessor set to bind the link to.
If the link was already bound to processor or set of
processors due to a previous operation, the binding will
be removed and the new set of processors will be used
instead.
The default is no CPU binding, which is to say that the
processing of packets is not bound to any specific pro-
cessor or processor set.
maxbw
Sets the full duplex bandwidth for the link. The
bandwidth is specified as an integer with one of the
scale suffixes (K, M, or G for Kbps, Mbps, and Gbps). If
no units are specified, the input value will be read as
Mbps. The default is no bandwidth limit.
priority
Sets the relative priority for the link. The value can
be given as one of the tokens high, medium, or low. The
default is high.
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System Administration Commands dladm(1M)
zone
Specifies the zone to which the link belongs. This pro-
perty can be modified only temporarily through dladm,
and thus the -t option must be specified. To modify the
zone assignment such that it persists across reboots,
please use zonecfg(1M). Possible values consist of any
exclusive-IP zone currently running on the system. By
default, the zone binding is as per zonecfg(1M).
Wifi Link Properties
The following WiFi link properties are supported. Note that
the ability to set a given property to a given value depends
on the driver and hardware.
channel
Specifies the channel to use. This property can be modi-
fied only by certain WiFi links when in IBS mode. The
default value and allowed range of values varies by
regulatory domain.
powermode
Specifies the power management mode of the WiFi link.
Possible values are off (disable power management), max
(maximum power savings), and fast (performance-sensitive
power management). Default is off.
radio
Specifies the radio mode of the WiFi link. Possible
values are on or off. Default is on.
speed
Specifies a fixed speed for the WiFi link, in megabits
per second. The set of possible values depends on the
driver and hardware (but is shown by show-linkprop);
common speeds include 1, 2, 11, and 54. By default,
there is no fixed speed.
Ethernet Link Properties
The following MI Properties, as documented in ieee802.3(5),
are supported in read-only mode:
o duplex
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System Administration Commands dladm(1M)
o state
o advautonegcap
o adv1000fdxcap
o adv1000hdxcap
o adv100fdxcap
o adv100hdxcap
o adv10fdxcap
o adv10hdxcap
Each adv property (for example, adv10fdxcap) also has a
read/write counterpart en property (for example,
en10fdxcap) controlling parameters used at auto-
negotiation. In the absence of Power Management, the adv*
speed/duplex parameters provide the values that are both
negotiated and currently effective in hardware. However,
with Power Management enabled, the speed/duplex capabilities
currently exposed in hardware might be a subset of the set
of bits that were used in initial link parameter negotia-
tion. Thus the MI adv* parameters are marked read-only,
with an additional set of en* parameters for configuring
speed and duplex properties at initial negotiation.
Note that the advautonegcap does not have an
enautonegcap counterpart: the advautonegcap is a 0/1
switch that turns off/on autonegotiation itself, and there-
fore cannot be impacted by Power Management.
In addition, the following Ethernet properties are reported:
speed
(read-only) The operating speed of the device, in Mbps.
mtu
The maximum client SDU (Send Data Unit) supported by the
device. Valid range is 68-65536.
flowctrl
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System Administration Commands dladm(1M)
Establishes flow-control modes that will be advertised
by the device. Valid input is one of:
no
No flow control enabled.
rx
Receive, and act upon incoming pause frames.
tx
Transmit pause frames to the peer when congestion
occurs, but ignore received pause frames.
bi
Bidirectional flow control.
Note that the actual settings for this value are con-
strained by the capabilities allowed by the device and
the link partner.
tagmode
This link property controls the conditions in which
802.1Q VLAN tags will be inserted in packets being
transmitted on the link. Two mode values can be assigned
to this property:
normal Insert a VLAN tag in outgoing packets under
the following conditions:
o The packet belongs to a VLAN.
o The user requested priority tag-
ging.
vlanonly Insert a VLAN tag only when the outgoing
packet belongs to a VLAN. If a tag is being
inserted in this mode and the user has also
requested a non-zero priority, the priority
is honored and included in the VLAN tag.
The default value is vlanonly.
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System Administration Commands dladm(1M)
EXAMPLES
Example 1 Configuring an Aggregation
To configure a data-link over an aggregation of devices bge0
and bge1 with key 1, enter the following command:
# dladm create-aggr -d bge0 -d bge1 1
Example 2 Connecting to a WiFi Link
To connect to the most optimal available unsecured network
on a system with a single WiFi link (as per the prioritiza-
tion rules specified for connect-wifi), enter the following
command:
# dladm connect-wifi
Example 3 Creating a WiFi Key
To interactively create the WEP key mykey, enter the follow-
ing command:
# dladm create-secobj -c wep mykey
Alternatively, to non-interactively create the WEP key mykey
using the contents of a file:
# umask 077
# cat >/tmp/mykey.$$ <<-EOF
12345
EOF
# dladm create-secobj -c wep -f /tmp/mykey.$$ mykey
# rm /tmp/mykey.$$
Example 4 Connecting to a Specified Encrypted WiFi Link
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System Administration Commands dladm(1M)
To use key mykey to connect to ESID wlan on link ath0,
enter the following command:
# dladm connect-wifi -k mykey -e wlan ath0
Example 5 Changing a Link Property
To set powermode to the value fast on link pcwl0, enter the
following command:
# dladm set-linkprop -p powermode=fast pcwl0
Example 6 Connecting to a WPA-Protected WiFi Link
Create a WPA key psk and enter the following command:
# dladm create-secobj -c wpa psk
To then use key psk to connect to ESID wlan on link ath0,
enter the following command:
# dladm connect-wifi -k psk -e wlan ath0
Example 7 Renaming a Link
To rename the bge0 link to mgmt0, enter the following com-
mand:
# dladm rename-link bge0 mgmt0
Example 8 Replacing a Network Card
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System Administration Commands dladm(1M)
Consider that the bge0 device, whose link was named mgmt0 as
shown in the previous example, needs to be replaced with a
ce0 device because of a hardware failure. The bge0 NIC is
physically removed, and replaced with a new ce0 NIC. To
associate the newly added ce0 device with the mgmt0 confi-
guration previously associated with bge0, enter the follow-
ing command:
# dladm rename-link ce0 mgmt0
Example 9 Removing a Network Card
Suppose that in the previous example, the intent is not to
replace the bge0 NIC with another NIC, but rather to remove
and not replace the hardware. In that case, the mgmt0
datalink configuration is not slated to be associated with a
different physical device as shown in the previous example,
but needs to be deleted. Enter the following command to
delete the datalink configuration associated with the mgmt0
datalink, whose physical hardware (bge0 in this case) has
been removed:
# dladm delete-phys mgmt0
Example 10 Using Parseable Output to Capture a Single Field
The following assignment saves the MTU of link net0 to a
variable named mtu.
# mtu=`dladm show-link -p -o mtu net0`
Example 11 Using Parseable Output to Iterate over Links
The following script displays the state of each link on the
system.
# dladm show-link -p -o link,state while IFS=: read link state; do
print "Link $link is in state $state"
done
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System Administration Commands dladm(1M)
Example 12 Configuring VNICs
Create two VNICs with names hello0 and test1 over a single
physical link bge0:
# dladm create-vnic -l bge0 hello0
# dladm create-vnic -l bge0 test1
Example 13 Configuring VNICs and Allocating Bandwidth and
Priority
Create two VNICs with names hello0 and test1 over a single
physical link bge0 and make hello0 a high priority VNIC with
a factory-assigned MAC address with a maximum bandwidth of
50 Mbps. Make test1 a low priority VNIC with a random MAC
address and a maximum bandwidth of 100Mbps.
# dladm create-vnic -l bge0 -m factory -p maxbw=50,priority=high hello0
# dladm create-vnic -l bge0 -m random -p maxbw=100M,priority=low test1
Example 14 Configuring a VNIC with a Factory MAC Address
First, list the available factory MAC addresses and choose
one of them:
# dladm show-phys -m bge0
LINK SLOT ADRES INUSE CLIENT
bge0 primary 0:e0:81:27:d4:47 yes bge0
bge0 1 8:0:20:fe:4e:a5 no
bge0 2 8:0:20:fe:4e:a6 no
bge0 3 8:0:20:fe:4e:a7 no
Create a VNIC named hello0 and use slot 1's address:
# dladm create-vnic -l bge0 -m factory -n 1 hello0
# dladm show-phys -m bge0
LINK SLOT ADRES INUSE CLIENT
bge0 primary 0:e0:81:27:d4:47 yes bge0
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bge0 1 8:0:20:fe:4e:a5 yes hello0
bge0 2 8:0:20:fe:4e:a6 no
bge0 3 8:0:20:fe:4e:a7 no
Example 15 Creating a VNIC with User-Specified MAC Address,
Binding it to Set of Processors
Create a VNIC with name hello0, with a user specified MAC
address, and a processor binding 0, 1, 2, 3.
# dladm create-vnic -l bge0 -m 8:0:20:fe:4e:b8 -p cpus=0,1,2,3 hello0
Example 16 Creating a Virtual Network Without a Physical NIC
First, create an etherstub with name stub1:
# dladm create-etherstub stub1
Create two VNICs with names hello0 and test1 on the ether-
stub. This operation implicitly creates a virtual switch
connecting hello0 and test1.
# dladm create-vnic -l stub1 hello0
# dladm create-vnic -l stub1 test1
Example 17 Show Network Usage
Network usage statistics can be stored using the extended
accounting facility, acctadm(1M).
# acctadm -e basic -f /var/log/net.log net
# acctadm net
Network accounting: active
Network accounting file: /var/log/net.log
Tracked Network resources: basic
Untracked Network resources: srcip,dstip,srcport,dstport,protocol,
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dsfield
The saved historical data can be retrieved in summary form
using the show-usage subcommand:
# dladm show-usage -f /var/log/net.log
LINK DURATION IPACKETS RBYTES OPACKETS OBYTES BANDWIDTH
e1000g0 80 1031 546908 0 0 2.44 Kbps
ATRIBUTES
See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attri-
butes:
/usr/sbin
ATRIBUTE TYPE ATRIBUTE VALUE
Availability SUNWcsu
Interface Stability Committed
/sbin
ATRIBUTE TYPE ATRIBUTE VALUE
Availability SUNWcsr
Interface Stability Committed
SEE ALSO
acctadm(1M), autopush(1M), ifconfig(1M), ndd(1M),
psrset(1M), wpad(1M), zonecfg(1M), attributes(5),
ieee802.3(5), dlpi(7P)
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NOTES
The preferred method of referring to an aggregation in the
aggregation subcommands is by its link name. Referring to an
aggregation by its integer key is supported for backward
compatibility, but is not necessary. When creating an aggre-
gation, if a key is specified instead of a link name, the
aggregation's link name will be automatically generated by
dladm as aggrkey.
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