System Administration Commands dnssec-keygen(1M)
NAME
dnssec-keygen - DNSEC key generation tool
SYNOPSIS
dnssec-keygen -a algorithm -b keysize -n nametype [-ehk]
[-c class] [-f flag] [-g generator] [-p protocol]
[-r randomdev] [-s strength] [-t type] [-v level] name
DESCRIPTION
The dnssec-keygen utility generates keys for DNSEC (Secure
DNS), as defined in RFC 2535 and RFC 4034. It can also gen-
erate keys for use with TSIG (Transaction Signatures), as
defined in RFC 2845.
OPTIONS
The following options are supported:
-a algorithm Select the cryptographic algorithm. The
value of algorithm must be one of RSAMD5
(RSA) or RSASHA1, DSA, DH (Diffie Hellman),
or HMAC-MD5. These values are case insensi-
tive.
For DNSEC, RSASHA1 is a mandatory-to-
implement algorithm and DSA is recommended.
For TSIG, HMAC-MD5 is mandatory.
Note -
HMAC-MD5 and DH automatically set the -k
flag.
-b keysize Specify the number of bits in the key. The
choice of key size depends on the algorithm
used. RSAMD5 and RSASHA1 keys must be
between 512 and 2048 bits. Diffie Hellman
keys must be between 128 and 4096 bits. DSA
keys must be between 512 and 1024 bits and
an exact multiple of 64. HMAC-MD5 keys must
be between 1 and 512 bits.
-c class Indicate that the DNS record containing the
key should have the specified class. If not
specified, class IN is used.
-e Use a large exponent if generating an RSAMD5
or RSASHA1 key.
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System Administration Commands dnssec-keygen(1M)
-f flag Set the specified flag in the flag field of
the KEY/DNSKEY record. The only recognized
flag is KSK (Key Signing Key) DNSKEY.
-g generator Use this generator if generating a Diffie
Hellman key. Allowed values are 2 and 5. If
no generator is specified, a known prime
from RFC 2539 will be used if possible; oth-
erwise the default is 2.
-h Print a short summary of the options and
arguments to dnssec-keygen.
-k Generate KEY records rather than DNSKEY
records.
-n nametype Specify the owner type of the key. The value
of nametype must either be ZONE (for a
DNSEC zone key), HOST or ENTITY (for a key
associated with a user) or OTHER (DNSKEY).
These values are case insensitive.
-p protocol Set the protocol value for the generated
key. The protocol argument is a number
between 0 and 255. The default is 3 (DNSEC)
Other possible values for this argument are
listed in RFC 2535 and its successors.
-r randomdev Specify the source of randomness. By
default, /dev/random is used. The randomdev
argument specifies the name of a character
device or file containing random data to be
used instead of the default. The special
value "keyboard" indicates that keyboard
input should be used.
-s strength Specify the strength value of the key. The
strength argument is a number between 0 and
15, and currently has no defined purpose in
DNSEC.
-t type Indicate the use of the key. type must be
one of AUTHCONF, NOAUTHCONF, NOAUTH, or
NOCONF. The default is AUTHCONF. AUTH refers
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System Administration Commands dnssec-keygen(1M)
to the ability to authenticate data, and
CONF the ability to encrypt data.
-v level Set the debugging level.
GENERATED KEYS
When dnssec-keygen completes successfully, it prints a
string of the form Knnnn.]aaa]iiiii to the standard output.
This is an identification string for the key it has gen-
erated.
o nnnn is the key name.
o aaa is the numeric representation of the algorithm.
o iiiii is the key identifier (or footprint).
The dnssec-keygen utility creates two files, with names
based on the printed string.
o Knnnn.]aaa]iiiii.key contains the public key.
o Knnnn.]aaa]iiiii.private contains the private key.
The .key file contains a DNS KEY record that can be inserted
into a zone file (directly or with a $INCLUDE statement).
The .private file contains algorithm specific fields. For
obvious security reasons, this file does not have general
read permission.
Both .key and .private files are generated for symmetric
encryption algorithm such as HMAC-MD5, even though the pub-
lic and private key are equivalent.
EXAMPLES
Example 1 Generate a 768-bit DSA key for the domain
example.com.
To generate a 768-bit DSA key for the domain example.com,
the following command would be issued:
dnssec-keygen -a DSA -b 768 -n ZONE example.com
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System Administration Commands dnssec-keygen(1M)
The command would print a string of the form:
Kexample.com.]003]26160
Example 2 Create the files Kexample.com.]003]26160.key and
Kexample.com.]003]26160.private.
In the following example, dnssec-keygen creates the files
Kexample.com.]003]26160.key and
Kexample.com.]003]26160.private
ATRIBUTES
See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attri-
butes:
ATRIBUTE TYPE ATRIBUTE VALUE
Availability SUNWbind
Interface Stability Volatile
SEE ALSO
dnssec-signzone(1M), attributes(5)
RFC 2535, RFC 2845, RFC 2539, RFC 4033, RFC 4034
BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual
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