User Commands LYNX(1)
NAME
lynx - a general purpose distributed information browser for
the World Wide Web
SYNOPSIS
lynx [options] [path or URL]
use "lynx -help" to display a complete list of current
options.
DESCRIPTION
Lynx is a fully-featured World Wide Web (W) client for
users running cursor-addressable, character-cell display
devices (e.g., vt100 terminals, vt100 emulators running on
Windows 95/NT or Macintoshes, or any other "curses-oriented"
display). It will display hypertext markup language (HTML)
documents containing links to files residing on the local
system, as well as files residing on remote systems running
Gopher, HTP, FTP, WAIS, and NTP servers. Current versions
of Lynx run on Unix, VMS, Windows 95/NT, 386DOS and OS/2
EMX.
Lynx can be used to access information on the World Wide
Web, or to build information systems intended primarily for
local access. For example, Lynx has been used to build
several Campus Wide Information Systems (CWIS). In
addition, Lynx can be used to build systems isolated within
a single LAN.
OPTIONS
At start up, Lynx will load any local file or remote URL
specified at the command line. For help with URLs, press
"?" or "H" while running Lynx. Then follow the link
titled, "Help on URLs."
If more than one local file or remote URL is listed on the
command line, Lynx will open only the last interactively.
All of the names (local files and remote URLs) are added to
the G)oto history.
Lynx uses only long option names. Option names can begin
with double dash as well, underscores and dashes can be
intermixed in option names (in the reference below options
are with one dash before them and with underscores).
Lynx provides many command-line options. Some options
require a value (string, number or keyword). These are
noted in the reference below. The other options set boolean
values in the program. There are three types of boolean
options: set, unset and toggle. If no option value is
given, these have the obvious meaning: set (to true), unset
(to false), or toggle (between true/false). For any of
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these, an explicit value can be given in different forms to
allow for operating system constraints, e.g.,
-center:off
-center=off
-center-
Lynx recognizes "1", "]", "on" and "true" for true values,
and "0", "-", "off" and "false" for false values. Other
option-values are ignored.
The default boolean, number and string option values that
are compiled into lynx are displayed in the help-message
provided by lynx -help. Some of those may differ according
to how lynx was built; see the help message itself for these
values. The -help option is processed before any option,
including those that control reading from the lynx.cfg file.
Therefore runtime configuration values are not reflected in
the help-message.
- If the argument is only '-', then Lynx expects to
receive the arguments from the standard input. This is
to allow for the potentially very long command line
that can be associated with the -getdata or -postdata
arguments (see below). It can also be used to avoid
having sensitive information in the invoking command
line (which would be visible to other processes on most
systems), especially when the -auth or -pauth options
are used.
-acceptallcookies
accept all cookies.
-anonymous
apply restrictions for anonymous account, see also
-restrictions.
-assumecharset=MIMEname
charset for documents that don't specify it.
-assumelocalcharset=MIMEname
charset assumed for local files, i.e., files which lynx
creates such as internal pages for the options menu.
-assumeunreccharset=MIMEname
use this instead of unrecognized charsets.
-auth=ID:PASWD
set authorization ID and password for protected
documents at startup. Be sure to protect any script
files which use this switch.
-base
prepend a request URL comment and BASE tag to text/html
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outputs for -source dumps.
-bibp=URL
specify a local bibp server (default http:/bibhost/).
-blink
forces high intensity background colors for color mode,
if available and supported by the terminal. This
applies to the slang library (for a few terminal
emulators), or to OS/2 EMX with ncurses.
-book
use the bookmark page as the startfile. The default or
command line startfile is still set for the Main screen
command, and will be used if the bookmark page is
unavailable or blank.
-buriednews
toggles scanning of news articles for buried
references, and converts them to news links. Not
recommended because email addresses enclosed in angle
brackets will be converted to false news links, and
uuencoded messages can be trashed.
-cache=NUMBER
set the NUMBER of documents cached in memory. The
default is 10.
-case
enable case-sensitive string searching.
-center
Toggle center alignment in HTML TABLE.
-cfg=FILENAME
specifies a Lynx configuration file other than the
default lynx.cfg.
-child
exit on left-arrow in startfile, and disable save to
disk.
-cmdlog=FILENAME
write keystroke commands and related information to the
specified file.
-cmdscript=FILENAME
read keystroke commands from the specified file. You
can use the data written using the -cmdlog option.
Lynx will ignore other information which the command-
logging may have written to the logfile. Each line of
the command script contains either a comment beginning
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with "#", or a keyword:
exit causes the script to stop, and forces Lynx to exit
immediately.
key the character value, in printable form. Cursor
and other special keys are given as names, e.g.,
"Down Arrow". Printable 7-bit ASCI codes are
given as-is, and hexadecimal values represent
other 8-bit codes.
set followed by a "name=value" allows one to override
values set in the lynx.cfg file.
-color
forces color mode on, if available. Default color
control sequences which work for many terminal types
are assumed if the terminal capability description does
not specify how to handle color. Lynx needs to be
compiled with the slang library for this flag, it is
equivalent to setting the COLORTERM environment
variable. (If color support is instead provided by a
color-capable curses library like ncurses, Lynx relies
completely on the terminal description to determine
whether color mode is possible, and this flag is not
needed and thus unavailable.) A saved
showcolor=always setting found in a .lynxrc file at
startup has the same effect. A saved showcolor=never
found in .lynxrc on startup is overridden by this flag.
-connecttimeout=N
Sets the connection timeout, where N is given in
seconds.
-cookiefile=FILENAME
specifies a file to use to read cookies. If none is
specified, the default value is ~/.lynxcookies for
most systems, but ~/cookies for MS-DOS.
-cookiesavefile=FILENAME
specifies a file to use to store cookies. If none is
specified, the value given by -cookiefile is used.
-cookies
toggles handling of Set-Cookie headers.
-core
toggles forced core dumps on fatal errors. Turn this
option off to ask Lynx to force a core dump if a fatal
error occurs.
-crawl
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with -traversal, output each page to a file. with
-dump, format output as with -traversal, but to the
standard output.
-cursespads
toggles the use of curses "pad" feature which supports
left/right scrolling of the display.
-debugpartial
separate incremental display stages with MessageSecs
delay
-delay
add DebugSecs delay after each progress-message
-display=DISPLAY
set the display variable for X rexec-ed programs.
-displaycharset=MIMEname
set the charset for the terminal output.
-dontwrappre
inhibit wrapping of text in when -dump'ing and
-crawl'ing, mark wrapped lines in interactive session.
-dump
dumps the formatted output of the default document or
those specified on the command line to standard output.
Unlike interactive mode, all documents are processed.
This can be used in the following way:
lynx -dump http:/www.subir.com/lynx.html
-editor=EDITOR
enable external editing, using the specified EDITOR.
(vi, ed, emacs, etc.)
-emacskeys
enable emacs-like key movement.
-enablescrollback
toggles compatibility with communication programs'
scrollback keys (may be incompatible with some curses
packages).
-errorfile=FILE
define a file where Lynx will report HTP access codes.
-exec
enable local program execution (normally not
configured).
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-fileversions
include all versions of files in local VMS directory
listings.
-findleaks
toggle memory leak-checking. Normally this is not
compiled-into your executable, but when it is, it can
be disabled for a session.
-forceemptyhreflessa
force HREF-less 'A' elements to be empty (close them as
soon as they are seen).
-forcehtml
forces the first document to be interpreted as HTML.
-forcesecure
toggles forcing of the secure flag for SL cookies.
-formsoptions
toggles whether the Options Menu is key-based or form-
based.
-from
toggles transmissions of From headers.
-ftp disable ftp access.
-getdata
properly formatted data for a get form are read in from
the standard input and passed to the form. Input is
terminated by a line that starts with '---'.
-head
send a HEAD request for the mime headers.
-help
print the Lynx command syntax usage message.
-hiddenlinks=[option]
control the display of hidden links.
merge hidden links show up as bracketed numbers and are
numbered together with other links in the sequence of
their occurrence in the document.
listonly hidden links are shown only on L)ist screens
and listings generated by -dump or from the P)rint
menu, but appear separately at the end of those lists.
This is the default behavior.
ignore hidden links do not appear even in listings.
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-historical
toggles use of '>' or '-->' as a terminator for
comments.
-homepage=URL
set homepage separate from start page.
-imagelinks
toggles inclusion of links for all images.
-index=URL
set the default index file to the specified URL.
-ismap
toggles inclusion of ISMAP links when client-side MAPs
are present.
-justify
do justification of text.
-link=NUMBER
starting count for lnk#.dat files produced by -crawl.
-listonly
for -dump, show only the list of links.
-localhost
disable URLs that point to remote hosts.
-locexec
enable local program execution from local files only
(if Lynx was compiled with local execution enabled).
-lss=FILENAME
specify filename containing color-style information.
The default is lynx.lss.
-mimeheader
prints the MIME header of a fetched document along with
its source.
-minimal
toggles minimal versus valid comment parsing.
-nestedtables
toggles nested-tables logic (for debugging).
-newschunksize=NUMBER
number of articles in chunked news listings.
-newsmaxchunk=NUMBER
maximum news articles in listings before chunking.
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-nobold
disable bold video-attribute.
-nobrowse
disable directory browsing.
-nocc
disable Cc: prompts for self copies of mailings. Note
that this does not disable any Cs which are
incorporated within a mailto URL or form ACTION.
-nocolor
force color mode off, overriding terminal capabilities
and any -color flags, COLORTERM variable, and saved
.lynxrc settings.
-noexec
disable local program execution. (DEFAULT)
-nofilereferer
disable transmissions of Referer headers for file URLs.
-nolist
disable the link list feature in dumps.
-nolog
disable mailing of error messages to document owners.
-nomargins
disable left/right margins in the default style sheet.
-nonrestartingsigwinch
This flag is not available on all systems, Lynx needs
to be compiled with HAVESIGACTION defined. If
available, this flag may cause Lynx to react more
immediately to window changes when run within an xterm.
-nonumbers
disable link- and field-numbering. This overrides
-numberfields and -numberlinks.
-nopause
disable forced pauses for statusline messages.
-noprint
disable most print functions.
-noredir
prevents automatic redirection and prints a message
with a link to the new URL.
-noreferer
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disable transmissions of Referer headers.
-noreverse
disable reverse video-attribute.
-nosocks
disable SOCKS proxy usage by a SOCKSified Lynx.
-nostatus
disable the retrieval status messages.
-notitle
disable title and blank line from top of page.
-nounderline
disable underline video-attribute.
-numberfields
force numbering of links as well as form input fields
-numberlinks
force numbering of links.
-partial
toggles display partial pages while loading.
-partialthres=NUMBER
number of lines to render before repainting display
with partial-display logic
-pauth=ID:PASWD
set authorization ID and password for a protected proxy
server at startup. Be sure to protect any script files
which use this switch.
-popup
toggles handling of single-choice SELECT options via
popup windows or as lists of radio buttons.
-postdata
properly formatted data for a post form are read in
from the standard input and passed to the form. Input
is terminated by a line that starts with '---'.
-preparsed
show HTML source preparsed and reformatted when used
with -source or in source view.
-prettysrc
show HTML source view with lexical elements and tags in
color.
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-print
enable print functions. (default)
-pseudoinlines
toggles pseudo-ALTs for inline images with no ALT
string.
-raw toggles default setting of 8-bit character translations
or CJK mode for the startup character set.
-realm
restricts access to URLs in the starting realm.
-reload
flushes the cache on a proxy server (only the first
document affected).
-restrictions=[option][,option][,option]...
allows a list of services to be disabled selectively.
Dashes and underscores in option names can be
intermixed. The following list is printed if no options
are specified.
all - restricts all options listed below.
bookmark - disallow changing the location of the
bookmark file.
bookmarkexec - disallow execution links via the
bookmark file.
changeexecperms - disallow changing the eXecute
permission on files (but still allow it for
directories) when local file management is enabled.
default - same as command line option -anonymous.
Disables default services for anonymous users. Set to
all restricted, except for: insidetelnet,
outsidetelnet, insideftp, outsideftp, insiderlogin,
outsiderlogin, insidenews, outsidenews, telnetport,
jump, mail, print, exec, and goto. The settings for
these, as well as additional goto restrictions for
specific URL schemes that are also applied, are derived
from definitions within userdefs.h.
diredsupport - disallow local file management.
disksave - disallow saving to disk in the download and
print menus.
dotfiles - disallow access to, or creation of, hidden
(dot) files.
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download - disallow some downloaders in the download
menu (does not imply disksave restriction).
editor - disallow external editing.
exec - disable execution scripts.
execfrozen - disallow the user from changing the local
execution option.
externals - disallow some "EXTERNAL" configuration
lines if support for passing URLs to external
applications (with the EXTERN command) is compiled in.
fileurl - disallow using G)oto, served links or
bookmarks for file: URLs.
goto - disable the 'g' (goto) command.
insideftp - disallow ftps for people coming from
inside your domain (utmp required for selectivity).
insidenews - disallow USENET news posting for people
coming from inside your domain (utmp required for
selectivity).
insiderlogin - disallow rlogins for people coming from
inside your domain (utmp required for selectivity).
insidetelnet - disallow telnets for people coming from
inside your domain (utmp required for selectivity).
jump - disable the 'j' (jump) command.
multibook - disallow multiple bookmarks.
mail - disallow mail.
newspost - disallow USENET News posting.
optionssave - disallow saving options in .lynxrc.
outsideftp - disallow ftps for people coming from
outside your domain (utmp required for selectivity).
outsidenews - disallow USENET news reading and posting
for people coming from outside your domain (utmp
required for selectivity). This restriction applies to
"news", "nntp", "newspost", and "newsreply" URLs, but
not to "snews", "snewspost", or "snewsreply" in case
they are supported.
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outsiderlogin - disallow rlogins for people coming
from outside your domain (utmp required for
selectivity).
outsidetelnet - disallow telnets for people coming
from outside your domain (utmp required for
selectivity).
print - disallow most print options.
shell - disallow shell escapes and lynxexec or lynxprog
G)oto's.
suspend - disallow Unix Control-Z suspends with escape
to shell.
telnetport - disallow specifying a port in telnet
G)oto's.
useragent - disallow modifications of the User-Agent
header.
-resubmitposts
toggles forced resubmissions (no-cache) of forms with
method POST when the documents they returned are sought
with the PREVDOC command or from the History List.
-rlogin
disable recognition of rlogin commands.
-scrollbar
toggles showing scrollbar.
-scrollbararrow
toggles showing arrows at ends of the scrollbar.
-selective
require .wwwbrowsable files to browse directories.
-shorturl
show very long URLs in the status line with "..." to
represent the portion which cannot be displayed. The
beginning and end of the URL are displayed, rather than
suppressing the end.
-showcursor
If enabled the cursor will not be hidden in the right
hand corner but will instead be positioned at the start
of the currently selected link. Show cursor is the
default for systems without FANCYCURSES capabilities.
The default configuration can be changed in userdefs.h
or lynx.cfg. The command line switch toggles the
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default.
-showrate
If enabled the transfer rate is shown in bytes/second.
If disabled, no transfer rate is shown. Use lynx.cfg
or the options menu to select KB/second and/or ETA.
-softdquotes
toggles emulation of the old Netscape and Mosaic bug
which treated '>' as a co-terminator for double-quotes
and tags.
-source
works the same as dump but outputs HTML source instead
of formatted text. For example
lynx -source . >foo.html
generates HTML source listing the files in the current
directory. Each file is marked by an HREF relative to
the parent directory. Add a trailing slash to make the
HREF's relative to the current directory:
lynx -source ./ >foo.html
-stackdump
disable SIGINT cleanup handler
-startfileok
allow non-http startfile and homepage with -validate.
-stderr
When dumping a document using -dump or -source, Lynx
normally does not display alert (error) messages that
you see on the screen in the status line. Use the
-stderr option to tell Lynx to write these messages to
the standard error.
-stdin
read the startfile from standard input (UNIX only).
-syslog=text
information for syslog call.
-syslog-urls
log requested URLs with syslog.
-tagsoup
initialize parser, using Tag Soup DTD rather than
SortaSGML.
-telnet
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User Commands LYNX(1)
disable recognition of telnet commands.
-term=TERM
tell Lynx what terminal type to assume it is talking
to. (This may be useful for remote execution, when,
for example, Lynx connects to a remote TCP/IP port that
starts a script that, in turn, starts another Lynx
process.)
-timeout=N
For win32, sets the network read-timeout, where N is
given in seconds.
-tlog
toggles between using a Lynx Trace Log and stderr for
trace output from the session.
-tna turns on "Textfields Need Activation" mode.
-trace
turns on Lynx trace mode. Destination of trace output
depends on -tlog.
-tracemask=value
turn on optional traces, which may result in very large
trace files. Logically OR the values to combine
options:
1=SGML character parsing states
2=color-style
4=TRST (table layout)
8=config (lynx.cfg and .lynxrc contents)
16=binary string copy/append, used in form data
construction.
-traversal
traverse all http links derived from startfile. When
used with -crawl, each link that begins with the same
string as startfile is output to a file, intended for
indexing. See CRAWL.announce for more information.
triminputfields
trim input text/textarea fields in forms.
-underlinelinks
toggles use of underline/bold attribute for links.
-underscore
toggles use of underline format in dumps.
-usemouse
turn on mouse support, if available. Clicking the left
mouse button on a link traverses it. Clicking the
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right mouse button pops back. Click on the top line to
scroll up. Click on the bottom line to scroll down.
The first few positions in the top and bottom line may
invoke additional functions. Lynx must be compiled
with ncurses or slang to support this feature. If
ncurses is used, clicking the middle mouse button pops
up a simple menu. Mouse clicks may only work reliably
while Lynx is idle waiting for input.
-useragent=Name
set alternate Lynx User-Agent header.
-validate
accept only http URLs (for validation). Complete
security restrictions also are implemented.
-verbose
toggle [LINK], [IMAGE] and [INLINE] comments with
filenames of these images.
-version
print version information.
-vikeys
enable vi-like key movement.
-wdebug
enable Waterloo tcp/ip packet debug (print to watt
debugfile). This applies only to DOS versions compiled
with WATCP or WAT-32.
-width=NUMBER
number of columns for formatting of dumps, default is
80.
-withbackspaces
emit backspaces in output if -dump'ing or -crawl'ing
(like 'man' does)
COMANDS
o Use Up arrow and Down arrow to scroll through hypertext
links.
o Right arrow or Return will follow a highlighted hypertext
link.
o Left Arrow will retreat from a link.
o Type "H" or "?" for online help and descriptions of key-
stroke commands.
o Type "K" for a complete list of the current key-stroke
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command mappings.
ENVIRONMENT
In addition to various "standard" environment variables such
as HOME, PATH, USER, DISPLAY, TMPDIR, etc, Lynx utilizes
several Lynx-specific environment variables, if they exist.
Others may be created or modified by Lynx to pass data to an
external program, or for other reasons. These are listed
separately below.
See also the sections on SIMULATED CGI SUPORT and NATIVE
LANGUAGE SUPORT, below.
Note: Not all environment variables apply to all types of
platforms supported by Lynx, though most do. Feedback on
platform dependencies is solicited.
Environment Variables Used By Lynx:
COLORTERM If set, color capability for the
terminal is forced on at startup time.
The actual value assigned to the
variable is ignored. This variable is
only meaningful if Lynx was built using
the slang screen-handling library.
LYNXCFG This variable, if set, will override the
default location and name of the global
configuration file (normally, lynx.cfg)
that was defined by the LYNXCFGFILE
constant in the userdefs.h file, during
installation. See the userdefs.h file
for more information.
LYNXLOCALEDIR If set, this variable overrides the
compiled-in location of the locale
directory which contains native language
(NLS) message text.
LYNXLS This variable, if set, specifies the
location of the default Lynx character
style sheet file. [Currently only
meaningful if Lynx was built using
experimental color style support.]
LYNXSAVESPACE This variable, if set, will override the
default path prefix for files saved to
disk that is defined in the lynx.cfg
SAVESPACE: statement. See the lynx.cfg
file for more information.
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LYNXTEMPSPACE This variable, if set, will override the
default path prefix for temporary files
that was defined during installation, as
well as any value that may be assigned
to the TMPDIR variable.
MAIL This variable specifies the default
inbox Lynx will check for new mail, if
such checking is enabled in the lynx.cfg
file.
NEWSORGANIZATION This variable, if set, provides the
string used in the Organization: header
of USENET news postings. It will
override the setting of the ORGANIZATION
environment variable, if it is also set
(and, on UNIX, the contents of an
/etc/organization file, if present).
NTPSERVER If set, this variable specifies the
default NTP server that will be used
for USENET news reading and posting with
Lynx, via news: URL's.
ORGANIZATION This variable, if set, provides the
string used in the Organization: header
of USENET news postings. On UNIX, it
will override the contents of an
/etc/organization file, if present.
PROTOCOLproxy Lynx supports the use of proxy servers
that can act as firewall gateways and
caching servers. They are preferable to
the older gateway servers (see
WaccessGATEWAY, below). Each
protocol used by Lynx, (http, ftp,
gopher, etc), can be mapped separately
by setting environment variables of the
form PROTOCOLproxy (literally:
httpproxy, ftpproxy, gopherproxy,
etc), to "http:/some.server.dom:port/".
See Lynx Users Guide for additional
details and examples.
SLCERTDIR Set to the directory containing trusted
certificates.
SLCERTFILE Set to the full path and filename for
your file of trusted certificates.
WaccessGATEWAY Lynx still supports use of gateway
servers, with the servers specified via
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User Commands LYNX(1)
"WaccessGATEWAY" variables (where
"access" is lower case and can be
"http", "ftp", "gopher" or "wais"),
however most gateway servers have been
discontinued. Note that you do not
include a terminal '/' for gateways, but
do for proxies specified by
PROTOCOLproxy environment variables.
See Lynx Users Guide for details.
WHOME This variable, if set, will override the
default startup URL specified in any of
the Lynx configuration files.
Environment Variables Set or Modified By Lynx:
LYNXPRINTDATE This variable is set by the Lynx p(rint)
function, to the Date: string seen in
the document's "Information about" page
(= cmd), if any. It is created for use
by an external program, as defined in a
lynx.cfg PRINTER: definition statement.
If the field does not exist for the
document, the variable is set to a null
string under UNIX, or "No Date" under
VMS.
LYNXPRINTLASTMOD This variable is set by the Lynx p(rint)
function, to the Last Mod: string seen
in the document's "Information about"
page (= cmd), if any. It is created for
use by an external program, as defined
in a lynx.cfg PRINTER: definition
statement. If the field does not exist
for the document, the variable is set to
a null string under UNIX, or "No
LastMod" under VMS.
LYNXPRINTITLE This variable is set by the Lynx p(rint)
function, to the Linkname: string seen
in the document's "Information about"
page (= cmd), if any. It is created for
use by an external program, as defined
in a lynx.cfg PRINTER: definition
statement. If the field does not exist
for the document, the variable is set to
a null string under UNIX, or "No Title"
under VMS.
LYNXPRINTURL This variable is set by the Lynx p(rint)
function, to the URL: string seen in
the document's "Information about" page
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(= cmd), if any. It is created for use
by an external program, as defined in a
lynx.cfg PRINTER: definition statement.
If the field does not exist for the
document, the variable is set to a null
string under UNIX, or "No URL" under
VMS.
LYNXTRACE If set, causes Lynx to write a trace
file as if the -trace option were
supplied.
LYNXTRACEFILE If set, overrides the compiled-in name
of the trace file, which is either
Lynx.trace or LY-TRACE.LOG (the latter
on the DOS platform). The trace file is
in either case relative to the home
directory.
LYNXVERSION This variable is always set by Lynx, and
may be used by an external program to
determine if it was invoked by Lynx.
See also the comments in the
distribution's sample mailcap file, for
notes on usage in such a file.
TERM Normally, this variable is used by Lynx
to determine the terminal type being
used to invoke Lynx. If, however, it is
unset at startup time (or has the value
"unknown"), or if the -term command-line
option is used (see OPTIONS section
above), Lynx will set or modify its
value to the user specified terminal
type (for the Lynx execution
environment). Note: If set/modified by
Lynx, the values of the LINES and/or
COLUMNS environment variables may also
be changed.
SIMULATED CGI SUPORT
If built with the cgi-links option enabled, Lynx allows
access to a cgi script directly without the need for an http
daemon.
When executing such "lynxcgi scripts" (if enabled), the
following variables may be set for simulating a CGI
environment:
CONTENTLENGTH
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User Commands LYNX(1)
CONTENTYPE
DOCUMENTROT
HTPACEPTCHARSET
HTPACEPTLANGUAGE
HTPUSERAGENT
PATHINFO
PATHTRANSLATED
QUERYSTRING
REMOTEADR
REMOTEHOST
REQUESTMETHOD
SERVERSOFTWARE
Other environment variables are not inherited by the script,
unless they are provided via a LYNXCGIENVIRONMENT statement
in the configuration file. See the lynx.cfg file, and the
(draft) CGI 1.1 Specification
for the definition and usage of these variables.
The CGI Specification, and other associated documentation,
should be consulted for general information on CGI script
programming.
NATIVE LANGUAGE SUPORT
If configured and installed with Native Language Support,
Lynx will display status and other messages in your local
language. See the file ABOUTNLS in the source
distribution, or at your local GNU site, for more
information about internationalization.
The following environment variables may be used to alter
default settings:
LANG This variable, if set, will override the
default message language. It is an ISO
639 two-letter code identifying the
language. Language codes are NOT the
same as the country codes given in ISO
3166.
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User Commands LYNX(1)
LANGUAGE This variable, if set, will override the
default message language. This is a GNU
extension that has higher priority for
setting the message catalog than LANG or
LCAL.
LCAL and
LCMESAGES These variables, if set, specify the
notion of native language formatting
style. They are POSIXly correct.
LINGUAS This variable, if set prior to
configuration, limits the installed
languages to specific values. It is a
space-separated list of two-letter
codes. Currently, it is hard-coded to a
wish list.
NLSPATH This variable, if set, is used as the
path prefix for message catalogs.
NOTES
This is the Lynx v2.8.6 Release; development is in progress
for 2.8.7.
If you wish to contribute to the further development of
Lynx, subscribe to our mailing list. Send email to with "subscribe lynx-dev" as the
only line in the body of your message.
Send bug reports, comments, suggestions to after subscribing.
Unsubscribe by sending email to with "unsubscribe lynx-dev" as the only
line in the body of your message. Do not send the
unsubscribe message to the lynx-dev list, itself.
SEE ALSO
catgets(3), curses(3), environ(7), execve(2), ftp(1),
gettext(GNU), localeconv(3), ncurses(3), setlocale(3),
slang(?), termcap(5), terminfo(5), wget(GNU)
Note that man page availability and section numbering is
somewhat platform dependent, and may vary from the above
references.
A section shown as (GNU), is intended to denote that the to-
pic may be available via an info page, instead of a man page
(i.e., try "info subject", rather than "man subject").
SunOS 5.10 Last change: Local 21
User Commands LYNX(1)
A section shown as (?) denotes that documentation on the to-
pic exists, but is not part of an established documentation
retrieval system (see the distribution files associated with
the topic, or contact your System Administrator for further
information).
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Lynx has incorporated code from a variety of sources along
the way. The earliest versions of Lynx included code from
Earl Fogel of Computing Services at the University of
Saskatchewan, who implemented HYPEREZ in the Unix environ-
ment. HYPEREZ was developed by Niel Larson of Think.com
and served as the model for the early versions of Lynx.
Those versions also incorporated libraries from the Unix Go-
pher clients developed at the University of Minnesota, and
the later versions of Lynx rely on the W client library
code developed by Tim Berners-Lee and the W community.
Also a special thanks to Foteos Macrides who ported much of
Lynx to VMS and did or organized most of its development
since the departures of Lou Montulli and Garrett Blythe from
the University of Kansas in the summer of 1994 through the
release of v2.7.2, and to everyone on the net who has con-
tributed to Lynx's development either directly (through
patches, comments or bug reports) or indirectly (through in-
spiration and development of other systems).
AUTHORS
Lou Montulli, Garrett Blythe, Craig Lavender, Michael Grobe,
Charles Rezac
Academic Computing Services
University of Kansas
Lawrence, Kansas 66047
Foteos Macrides
Worcester Foundation for Biomedical Research
Shrewsbury, Massachusetts 01545
Thomas E. Dickey
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