User Commands                                            print(1)



NAME
     print - shell built-in function to output characters to  the
     screen or window

SYNOPSIS
  ksh
     print [-Rnprsu [n] [arg]...


  ksh93
     print [-Renprs] [-f format] [-u fd] [string...]


DESCRIPTION
  ksh
     The shell output mechanism. When no options  are  specified,
     or  when  an  option followed by ' a - is specified, or when
     just - is specified, the arguments are printed  on  standard
     output as described by echo(1).

  ksh93
     By default, print writes each  string  operand  to  standard
     output and appends a NEWLINE character.


     Unless, the -r, -R, or -f option is speciifed, each \  char-
     acter  in each string operand is processed specially as fol-
     lows:

     \a      Alert character.


     \b      Backspace character.


     \c      Terminate  output  without  appending  NEWLINE.  The
             remaining string operands are ignored.


     \E      Escape character (ASCI octal 033).


     \f      FORM FED character.


     \n      NEWLINE character.


     \t      Tab character.






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User Commands                                            print(1)



     \v      Vertical tab character.


     \\      Backslash character.


     \0x     The 8-bit character whose ASCI code is the 1-,  2-,
             or 3-digit octal number x.


OPTIONS
  ksh
     The following options are supported by ksh:

     -n          Suppresses new-line from being added to the out-
                 put.


     -r-R        Raw mode. Ignore the escape conventions of echo.
                 The  -R  option  prints all subsequent arguments
                 and options other than -n.


     -p          Cause the arguments to be written onto the  pipe
                 of  the process spawned with & instead of stan-
                 dard output.


     -s          Cause the arguments to be written onto the  his-
                 tory file instead of standard output.


     -u [ n ]    Specify a one digit file descriptor unit  number
                 n  on which the output is placed. The default is
                 1.


  ksh93
     The following options are supported by ksh93:

     -e           Unless -f is specified, process \ sequences  in
                  each string operand as described above. This is
                  the default behavior.

                  If both -e and -r are specified, the  last  one
                  specified is the one that is used.


     -f format    Write the string  arguments  using  the  format
                  string  format and do not append a NEWLINE. See
                  printf(1) for details on how to specify format.




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User Commands                                            print(1)



                  When the -f option is specified and  there  are
                  more  string  operands  than format specifiers,
                  the  format  string  is  reprocessed  from  the
                  beginning.  If  there are fewer string operands
                  than format specifiers, then outputting ends at
                  the first unneeded format specifier.


     -n           Do not append a NEWLINE character to  the  out-
                  put.


     -p           Write to  the  current  co-process  instead  of
                  standard output.


     -r           Do not  process  \  sequences  in  each  string
     -R           operand as described above.

                  If both -e and -r are specified, the  last  one
                  specified is the one that is used.


     -s           Write the output as an entry in the shell  his-
                  tory file instead of standard output.


     -u fd        Write to file descriptor number fd  instead  of
                  standard output. The default value is 1.


EXIT STATUS
     The following exit values are returned:

     0     Successful completion.


     >0    Output file is not open for writing.


ATRIBUTES
     See attributes(5) for descriptions of the  following  attri-
     butes:












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User Commands                                            print(1)



     
           ATRIBUTE TYPE               ATRIBUTE VALUE       
    
     Availability                 SUNWcsu                     
    


SEE ALSO
     echo(1), ksh(1), ksh93(1), printf(1), attributes(5)














































SunOS 5.11          Last change: 27 Mar 2008                    4