User Commands pvs(1)
NAME
pvs - display the internal version information of dynamic
objects
SYNOPSIS
pvs [-Cdlnorsv] [-I index-expr] [-N name] file...
DESCRIPTION
The pvs utility displays any internal version information
contained within an ELF file. Commonly, these files are
dynamic executables and shared objects, and possibly relo-
catable objects. This version information can fall into one
of two categories:
o version definitions
o version dependencies
Version definitions describe the interfaces that are made
available by an ELF file. Each version definition is associ-
ated to a set of global symbols provided by the file. Ver-
sion definitions can be assigned to a file during its crea-
tion by the link-editor using the -M option and the associ-
ated mapfile directives. See the Linker and Libraries Guide
for more details.
Version dependencies describe the binding requirements of
dynamic objects on the version definitions of any shared
object dependencies. When a dynamic object is built with a
shared object, the link-editor records information within
the dynamic object indicating that the shared object is a
dependency. This dependency must be satisfied at runtime.
If the shared object also contains version definitions, then
those version definitions that satisfy the global symbol
requirements of the dynamic object are also recorded in the
dynamic object being created. At process initialization, the
runtime linker uses any version dependencies as a means of
validating the interface requirements of the dynamic objects
used to construct the process.
OPTIONS
The following options are supported. If neither the -d or -r
options are specified, both are enabled.
-C Demangles C] symbol names.
-d Prints version definition information.
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User Commands pvs(1)
-I index-expr Qualifies the versions to examine with a
specific version index or index range. For
example, the version with index 3 in an
object can be displayed using:
example% pvs -I 3 filename
An index-expr can be a single non-negative
integer value that specifies a specific
version, as shown in the previous example.
Alternatively, an index-expr can consist
of two such values separated by a colon
(:), indicating a range of versions. The
following example displays the versions 3,
4, and 5 in a file:
example% pvs -I 3:5 filename
When specifying an index range, the second
value can be omitted to indicate the final
item in the file. For example, the follow-
ing statement lists all versions from the
tenth to the end:
example% pvs -I 10: filename
See Matching Options for additional infor-
mation about the matching options (-I,
-N).
-l Prints any symbols that have been reduced
from global to local binding due to ver-
sioning. By convention, these symbol
entries are located in the .symtab sec-
tion, and fall between the FILE symbol
representing the output file, and the FILE
symbol representing the first input file
used to generate the output file. These
reduced symbol entries are assigned the
fabricated version definition LOCAL. No
reduced symbols will be printed if the
file has been stripped (see strip(1)), or
if the symbol entry convention cannot be
determined.
Use of the -l option implicitly enables
the -s option
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-n Normalizes version definition information.
By default, all version definitions within
the object are displayed. However, version
definitions can inherit other version
definitions. Under normalization, only the
head of each inheritance list is
displayed.
-N name When used with the -d option, -N prints
only the information for the given version
definition name and any of its inherited
version definitions.
When used with the -r option, -N prints
only the information for the given depen-
dency file name. It is possible to qualify
a specific version from the dependency
file by including the version in
parenthesis following the file name:
example% pvs -N 'dependency (version)' filename
See Matching Options for additional infor-
mation about the matching options (-I,
-N).
-o Creates one-line version definition out-
put. By default, file, version defini-
tions, and any symbol output is indented
to ease human inspection. This option pre-
fixes each output line with the file and
version definition name and can be more
useful for analysis with automated tools.
-r Prints version dependency (requirements)
information.
-s Prints the symbols associated with each
version definition. Any data symbols from
versions defined by the object are accom-
panied with the size, in bytes, of the
data item.
-v Verbose output. Indicates any weak version
definitions, and any version definition
inheritance. When used with the -N and -d
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User Commands pvs(1)
options, the inheritance of the base ver-
sion definition is also shown. When used
with the -s option, the version symbol
definition is also shown.
OPERANDS
The following operands are supported.
file The ELF file about which internal version informa-
tion is displayed.
USAGE
Matching Options
The -I and -N options are collectively referred to as the
matching options. These options are used to narrow the range
of versions to examine, by index or by name.
Any number and type of matching option can be mixed in a
given invocation of pvs. In this case, pvs displays the
superset of all versions matched by any of the matching
options used. This feature allows for the selection of com-
plex groupings of items using the most convenient form for
specifying each item.
EXAMPLES
Example 1 Displaying version definitions
The following example displays the version definitions of
libelf.so.1:
% pvs -d /lib/libelf.so.1
libelf.so.1;
SUNW1.1
Example 2 Creating a one-liner display
A normalized, one-liner display, suitable for creating a
mapfile version control directive, can be created using the
-n and -o options:
% pvs -don /lib/libelf.so.1
/lib/libelf.so.1 - SUNW1.1;
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Example 3 Displaying version requirements
The following example displays the version requirements of
ldd and pvs:
% pvs -r /usr/bin/ldd /usr/bin/pvs
/usr/bin/ldd:
libelf.so.1 (SUNW1.1);
libc.so.1 (SUNW1.1);
/usr/bin/pvs:
libelf.so.1 (SUNW1.1);
libc.so.1 (SUNW1.1);
Example 4 Determining a dependency symbol version
The following example displays the shared object from which
the ldd command expects to find the printf function at run-
time, as well as the version it belongs to:
% pvs -ors /usr/bin/ldd grep ' printf'
/usr/bin/ldd - libc.so.1 (SYSVABI1.3): printf;
Example 5 Determine all dependency symbols from a specific
version
The -N option can be used to obtain a list of all the sym-
bols from a dependency that belong to a specific version. To
determine the symbols that ldd will find from version
SYSVABI1.3 of libc.so.1:
% pvs -s -N 'libc.so.1 (SYSVABI1.3)' /usr/bin/ldd
libc.so.1 (SYSVABI1.3):
exit;
strstr;
printf;
fpstart;
strncmp;
lseek;
strcmp;
getopt;
execl;
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close;
fflush;
wait;
strerror;
putenv;
sprintf;
getenv;
open;
perror;
fork;
strlen;
geteuid;
access;
setlocale;
atexit;
fprintf;
exit;
read;
malloc;
Note that the specific list of symbols used by ldd may
change between Solaris releases.
Example 6 Display base defined version by index
By convention, the base global version defined by an object
has the name of the object. For example, the base version of
pvs is named 'pvs'. The base version of any object is always
version index 1. Therefore, the -I option can be used to
display the base version of any object without having to
specify its name:
% pvs -v -I 1 /usr/bin/pvs
pvs [BASE];
EXIT STATUS
If the requested version information is not found, a non-
zero value is returned. Otherwise, a 0 value is returned.
Version information is determined not found when any of the
following is true:
o the -d option is specified and no version
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definitions are found.
o the -r option is specified and no version require-
ments are found.
o neither the -d nor -r option is specified and no
version definitions or version requirements are
found.
ATRIBUTES
See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attri-
butes:
ATRIBUTE TYPE ATRIBUTE VALUE
Availability SUNWtoo
SEE ALSO
elfdump(1), ld(1), ldd(1), strip(1), elf(3ELF), attri-
butes(5)
Linker and Libraries Guide
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