System Administration tools SMBPASWD(1M)
NAME
smbpasswd - change a user's SMB password
SYNOPSIS
smbpasswd [-a] [-c ] [-x] [-d] [-e]
[-D debuglevel] [-n] [-r ]
[-R ] [-m] [-U username[%password]
[-h] [-s] [-w pass] [-W] [-i] [-L] [username]
DESCRIPTION
This tool is part of the samba(7) suite.
The smbpasswd program has several different functions,
depending on whether it is run by the root user or not. When
run as a normal user it allows the user to change the
password used for their SMB sessions on any machines that
store SMB passwords.
By default (when run with no arguments) it will attempt to
change the current user's SMB password on the local machine.
This is similar to the way the passwd(1) program works.
smbpasswd differs from how the passwd program works however
in that it is not setuid root but works in a client-server
mode and communicates with a locally running smbd(1M). As a
consequence in order for this to succeed the smbd daemon
must be running on the local machine. On a UNIX machine the
encrypted SMB passwords are usually stored in the
smbpasswd(4) file.
When run by an ordinary user with no options, smbpasswd will
prompt them for their old SMB password and then ask them for
their new password twice, to ensure that the new password
was typed correctly. No passwords will be echoed on the
screen whilst being typed. If you have a blank SMB password
(specified by the string "NO PASWORD" in the smbpasswd
file) then just press the key when asked for your
old password.
smbpasswd can also be used by a normal user to change their
SMB password on remote machines, such as Windows NT Primary
Domain Controllers. See the (-r) and -U options below.
When run by root, smbpasswd allows new users to be added and
deleted in the smbpasswd file, as well as allows changes to
the attributes of the user in this file to be made. When run
by root, smbpasswd accesses the local smbpasswd file
directly, thus enabling changes to be made even if smbd is
not running.
OPTIONS
-a
This option specifies that the username following should
Samba 3.0 Last change: 01/19/2009 1
System Administration tools SMBPASWD(1M)
be added to the local smbpasswd file, with the new
password typed (type for the old password). This
option is ignored if the username following already
exists in the smbpasswd file and it is treated like a
regular change password command. Note that the default
passdb backends require the user to already exist in the
system password file (usually /etc/passwd), else the
request to add the user will fail.
This option is only available when running smbpasswd as
root.
-c
This option can be used to specify the path and file
name of the smb.conf configuration file when it is
important to use other than the default file and / or
location.
-x
This option specifies that the username following should
be deleted from the local smbpasswd file.
This option is only available when running smbpasswd as
root.
-d
This option specifies that the username following should
be disabled in the local smbpasswd file. This is done by
writing a 'D' flag into the account control space in the
smbpasswd file. Once this is done all attempts to
authenticate via SMB using this username will fail.
If the smbpasswd file is in the 'old' format (pre-Samba
2.0 format) there is no space in the user's password
entry to write this information and the command will
FAIL. See smbpasswd(4) for details on the 'old' and new
password file formats.
This option is only available when running smbpasswd as
root.
-e
This option specifies that the username following should
be enabled in the local smbpasswd file, if the account
was previously disabled. If the account was not disabled
this option has no effect. Once the account is enabled
then the user will be able to authenticate via SMB once
again.
If the smbpasswd file is in the 'old' format, then
smbpasswd will FAIL to enable the account. See
smbpasswd(4) for details on the 'old' and new password
Samba 3.0 Last change: 01/19/2009 2
System Administration tools SMBPASWD(1M)
file formats.
This option is only available when running smbpasswd as
root.
-D debuglevel
debuglevel is an integer from 0 to 10. The default value
if this parameter is not specified is zero.
The higher this value, the more detail will be logged to
the log files about the activities of smbpasswd. At
level 0, only critical errors and serious warnings will
be logged.
Levels above 1 will generate considerable amounts of log
data, and should only be used when investigating a
problem. Levels above 3 are designed for use only by
developers and generate HUGE amounts of log data, most
of which is extremely cryptic.
-n
This option specifies that the username following should
have their password set to null (i.e. a blank password)
in the local smbpasswd file. This is done by writing the
string "NO PASWORD" as the first part of the first
password stored in the smbpasswd file.
Note that to allow users to logon to a Samba server once
the password has been set to "NO PASWORD" in the
smbpasswd file the administrator must set the following
parameter in the [global] section of the smb.conf file :
null passwords = yes
This option is only available when running smbpasswd as
root.
-r remote machine name
This option allows a user to specify what machine they
wish to change their password on. Without this parameter
smbpasswd defaults to the local host. The remote machine
name is the NetBIOS name of the SMB/CIFS server to
contact to attempt the password change. This name is
resolved into an IP address using the standard name
resolution mechanism in all programs of the Samba suite.
See the -R name resolve order parameter for details on
changing this resolving mechanism.
The username whose password is changed is that of the
current UNIX logged on user. See the -U username
parameter for details on changing the password for a
different username.
Samba 3.0 Last change: 01/19/2009 3
System Administration tools SMBPASWD(1M)
Note that if changing a Windows NT Domain password the
remote machine specified must be the Primary Domain
Controller for the domain (Backup Domain Controllers
only have a read-only copy of the user account database
and will not allow the password change).
Note that Windows 95/98 do not have a real password
database so it is not possible to change passwords
specifying a Win95/98 machine as remote machine target.
-R name resolve order
This option allows the user of smbpasswd to determine
what name resolution services to use when looking up the
NetBIOS name of the host being connected to.
The options are :"lmhosts", "host", "wins" and "bcast".
They cause names to be resolved as follows:
]o lmhosts: Lookup an IP address in the Samba lmhosts
file. If the line in lmhosts has no name type
attached to the NetBIOS name (see the lmhosts(4) for
details) then any name type matches for lookup.
]o host: Do a standard host name to IP address
resolution, using the system /etc/hosts , NIS, or
DNS lookups. This method of name resolution is
operating system depended for instance on IRIX or
Solaris this may be controlled by the
/etc/nsswitch.conf file). Note that this method is
only used if the NetBIOS name type being queried is
the 0x20 (server) name type, otherwise it is
ignored.
]o wins: Query a name with the IP address listed in the
wins server parameter. If no WINS server has been
specified this method will be ignored.
]o bcast: Do a broadcast on each of the known local
interfaces listed in the interfaces parameter. This
is the least reliable of the name resolution methods
as it depends on the target host being on a locally
connected subnet.
The default order is lmhosts, host, wins, bcast and
without this parameter or any entry in the smb.conf(4)
file the name resolution methods will be attempted in
this order.
-m
This option tells smbpasswd that the account being
changed is a MACHINE account. Currently this is used
when Samba is being used as an NT Primary Domain
Samba 3.0 Last change: 01/19/2009 4
System Administration tools SMBPASWD(1M)
Controller.
This option is only available when running smbpasswd as
root.
-U username
This option may only be used in conjunction with the -r
option. When changing a password on a remote machine it
allows the user to specify the user name on that machine
whose password will be changed. It is present to allow
users who have different user names on different systems
to change these passwords.
-h
This option prints the help string for smbpasswd,
selecting the correct one for running as root or as an
ordinary user.
-s
This option causes smbpasswd to be silent (i.e. not
issue prompts) and to read its old and new passwords
from standard input, rather than from /dev/tty (like the
passwd(1) program does). This option is to aid people
writing scripts to drive smbpasswd
-w password
This parameter is only available if Samba has been
compiled with LDAP support. The -w switch is used to
specify the password to be used with the ldap admin dn.
Note that the password is stored in the secrets.tdb and
is keyed off of the admin's DN. This means that if the
value of ldap admin dn ever changes, the password will
need to be manually updated as well.
-W
NOTE: This option is same as "-w" except that the
password should be entered using stdin.
This parameter is only available if Samba has been
compiled with LDAP support. The -W switch is used to
specify the password to be used with the ldap admin dn.
Note that the password is stored in the secrets.tdb and
is keyed off of the admin's DN. This means that if the
value of ldap admin dn ever changes, the password will
need to be manually updated as well.
-i
This option tells smbpasswd that the account being
changed is an interdomain trust account. Currently this
is used when Samba is being used as an NT Primary Domain
Controller. The account contains the info about another
trusted domain.
Samba 3.0 Last change: 01/19/2009 5
System Administration tools SMBPASWD(1M)
This option is only available when running smbpasswd as
root.
-L
Run in local mode.
username
This specifies the username for all of the root only
options to operate on. Only root can specify this
parameter as only root has the permission needed to
modify attributes directly in the local smbpasswd file.
NOTES
Since smbpasswd works in client-server mode communicating
with a local smbd for a non-root user then the smbd daemon
must be running for this to work. A common problem is to add
a restriction to the hosts that may access the smbd running
on the local machine by specifying either allow hosts or
deny hosts entry in the smb.conf(4) file and neglecting to
allow "localhost" access to the smbd.
In addition, the smbpasswd command is only useful if Samba
has been set up to use encrypted passwords.
VERSION
This man page is correct for version 3.0 of the Samba suite.
SEE ALSO
smbpasswd(4), Samba(7).
AUTHOR
The original Samba software and related utilities were
created by Andrew Tridgell. Samba is now developed by the
Samba Team as an Open Source project similar to the way the
Linux kernel is developed.
The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer. The
man page sources were converted to YODL format (another
excellent piece of Open Source software, available at
ftp:/ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/) and updated for the Samba
2.0 release by Jeremy Allison. The conversion to DocBook for
Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter. The conversion to
DocBook XML 4.2 for Samba 3.0 was done by Alexander Bokovoy.
ATRIBUTES
See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following
attributes:
Samba 3.0 Last change: 01/19/2009 6
System Administration tools SMBPASWD(1M)
ATRIBUTE TYPE ATRIBUTE VALUE
Availability SUNWsmbar, SUNWsmbau
Interface Stability External
NOTES
Source for Samba is available on http:/opensolaris.org.
Samba(7) delivers the set of four SMF(5) services as can be
seen from the following example:
$ svcs samba wins winbind swat
STATE STIME FMRI
disabled Apr21 svc:/network/samba:default
disabled Apr21 svc:/network/winbind:default
disabled Apr21 svc:/network/wins:default
disabled Apr21 svc:/network/swat:default
where the services are:
"samba"
runs the smbd daemon managing the CIFS sessions
"wins"
runs the nmbd daemon enabling the browsing (WINS)
"winbind"
runs the winbindd daemon making the domain idmap
"swat"
Samba Web Administration Tool is a service providing
access to browser-based Samba administration interface
and on-line documentation. The service runs on software
loopback network interface on port 901/tcp, i.e. opening
"http:/localhost:901/" in browser will access the SWAT
service on local machine.
Please note: SWAT uses HTP Basic Authentication scheme
where user name and passwords are sent over the network in
clear text. In the SWAT case the user name is root.
Transferring such sensitive data is advisable only on the
software loopback network interface or over secure networks.
Samba 3.0 Last change: 01/19/2009 7
|
