Manual Pages for UNIX Darwin command on man zipinfo

ZIPINFO(1L) ZIPINFO(1L)

NAME

zipinfo - list detailed information about a ZIP archive

SYNOPSIS

zziippiinnffoo [-1122ssmmllvvhhMMttTTzz] file[.zip] [file(s) ...] [-xx xfile(s) ...]

uunnzziipp -ZZ [-1122ssmmllvvhhMMttTTzz] file[.zip] [file(s) ...] [-xx xfile(s) ...]

DESCRIPTION

zipinfo lists technical information about files in a ZIP archive, most

commonly found on MS-DOS systems. Such information includes file

access permissions, encryption status, type of compression, version and operating system or file system of compressing program, and the like.

The default behavior (with no options) is to list single-line entries

for each file in the archive, with header and trailer lines providing summary information for the entire archive. The format is a cross

between Unix ``ls -l'' and ``unzip -v'' output. See DDEETTAAIILLEEDD DDEESSCCRRIIPP-

TTIIOONN below. Note that zipinfo is the same program as unzip (under

Unix, a link to it); on some systems, however, zipinfo support may have

been omitted when unzip was compiled. AARRGGUUMMEENNTTSS file[.zip] Path of the ZIP archive(s). If the file specification is a wildcard, each matching file is processed in an order determined by the operating system (or file system). Only the filename can be a wildcard; the path itself cannot. Wildcard expressions are similar to Unix egrep(1) (regular) expressions and may contain: * matches a sequence of 0 or more characters ? matches exactly 1 character [...] matches any single character found inside the brackets; ranges are specified by a beginning character, a hyphen, and an ending character. If an exclamation point or a caret (`!' or `^') follows the left bracket, then the range of characters within the brackets is complemented (that is, anything except the characters inside the brackets is considered a match).

(Be sure to quote any character that might otherwise be inter-

preted or modified by the operating system, particularly under Unix and VMS.) If no matches are found, the specification is assumed to be a literal filename; and if that also fails, the

suffix .zip is appended. Note that self-extracting ZIP files

are supported; just specify the .exe suffix (if any) explicitly. [file(s)] An optional list of archive members to be processed. Regular expressions (wildcards) may be used to match multiple members;

see above. Again, be sure to quote expressions that would oth-

erwise be expanded or modified by the operating system.

[-xx xfile(s)]

An optional list of archive members to be excluded from process-

ing. OOPPTTIIOONNSS

-11 list filenames only, one per line. This option excludes all

others; headers, trailers and zipfile comments are never printed. It is intended for use in Unix shell scripts.

-22 list filenames only, one per line, but allow headers (-hh),

trailers (-tt) and zipfile comments (-zz), as well. This option

may be useful in cases where the stored filenames are particu-

larly long.

-ss list zipfile info in short Unix ``ls -l'' format. This is the

default behavior; see below.

-mm list zipfile info in medium Unix ``ls -l'' format. Identical to

the -ss output, except that the compression factor, expressed as

a percentage, is also listed.

-ll list zipfile info in long Unix ``ls -l'' format. As with -mm

except that the compressed size (in bytes) is printed instead of the compression ratio.

-vv list zipfile information in verbose, multi-page format.

-hh list header line. The archive name, actual size (in bytes) and

total number of files is printed.

-MM pipe all output through an internal pager similar to the Unix

more(1) command. At the end of a screenful of output, zipinfo

pauses with a ``-More-'' prompt; the next screenful may be

viewed by pressing the Enter (Return) key or the space bar.

zipinfo can be terminated by pressing the ``q'' key and, on some

systems, the Enter/Return key. Unlike Unix more(1), there is no

forward-searching or editing capability. Also, zipinfo doesn't

notice if long lines wrap at the edge of the screen, effectively

resulting in the printing of two or more lines and the likeli-

hood that some text will scroll off the top of the screen before being viewed. On some systems the number of available lines on

the screen is not detected, in which case zipinfo assumes the

height is 24 lines.

-tt list totals for files listed or for all files. The number of

files listed, their uncompressed and compressed total sizes, and their overall compression factor is printed; or, if only the totals line is being printed, the values for the entire archive are given. Note that the total compressed (data) size will never match the actual zipfile size, since the latter includes

all of the internal zipfile headers in addition to the com-

pressed data.

-TT print the file dates and times in a sortable decimal format

(yymmdd.hhmmss). The default date format is a more standard,

human-readable version with abbreviated month names (see exam-

ples below).

-zz include the archive comment (if any) in the listing.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

zipinfo has a number of modes, and its behavior can be rather difficult

to fathom if one isn't familiar with Unix ls(1) (or even if one is). The default behavior is to list files in the following format:

-rw-rws-- 1.9 unx 2802 t- defX 11-Aug-91 13:48 perms.2660

The last three fields are the modification date and time of the file, and its name. The case of the filename is respected; thus files that

come from MS-DOS PKZIP are always capitalized. If the file was zipped

with a stored directory name, that is also displayed as part of the filename. The second and third fields indicate that the file was zipped under

Unix with version 1.9 of zip. Since it comes from Unix, the file per-

missions at the beginning of the line are printed in Unix format. The

uncompressed file-size (2802 in this example) is the fourth field.

The fifth field consists of two characters, either of which may take on

several values. The first character may be either `t' or `b', indicat-

ing that zip believes the file to be text or binary, respectively; but

if the file is encrypted, zipinfo notes this fact by capitalizing the

character (`T' or `B'). The second character may also take on four values, depending on whether there is an extended local header and/or an ``extra field'' associated with the file (fully explained in

PKWare's APPNOTE.TXT, but basically analogous to pragmas in ANSI

C-i.e., they provide a standard way to include non-standard informa-

tion in the archive). If neither exists, the character will be a

hyphen (`-'); if there is an extended local header but no extra field,

`l'; if the reverse, `x'; and if both exist, `X'. Thus the file in

this example is (probably) a text file, is not encrypted, and has nei-

ther an extra field nor an extended local header associated with it. The example below, on the other hand, is an encrypted binary file with an extra field:

RWD,R,R 0.9 vms 168 Bx shrk 9-Aug-91 19:15 perms.0644

Extra fields are used for various purposes (see discussion of the -vv

option below) including the storage of VMS file attributes, which is presumably the case here. Note that the file attributes are listed in VMS format. Some other possibilities for the host operating system

(which is actually a misnomer-host file system is more correct)

include OS/2 or NT with High Performance File System (HPFS), MS-DOS,

OS/2 or NT with File Allocation Table (FAT) file system, and Macintosh. These are denoted as follows:

-rw-a- 1.0 hpf 5358 Tl i4:3 4-Dec-91 11:33 longfilename.hpfs

-r-ahs 1.1 fat 4096 b- i4:2 14-Jul-91 12:58 EA DATA. SF

-w---- 1.0 mac 17357 bx i8:2 4-May-92 04:02 unzip.macr

File attributes in the first two cases are indicated in a Unix-like

format, where the seven subfields indicate whether the file: (1) is a

directory, (2) is readable (always true), (3) is writable, (4) is exe-

cutable (guessed on the basis of the extension-.exe, .com, .bat, .cmd

and .btm files are assumed to be so), (5) has its archive bit set, (6) is hidden, and (7) is a system file. Interpretation of Macintosh file attributes is unreliable because some Macintosh archivers don't store any attributes in the archive. Finally, the sixth field indicates the compression method and possible

sub-method used. There are six methods known at present: storing (no

compression), reducing, shrinking, imploding, tokenizing (never pub-

licly released), and deflating. In addition, there are four levels of

reducing (1 through 4); four types of imploding (4K or 8K sliding dic-

tionary, and 2 or 3 Shannon-Fano trees); and four levels of deflating

(superfast, fast, normal, maximum compression). zipinfo represents

these methods and their sub-methods as follows: stor; re:1, re:2,

etc.; shrk; i4:2, i8:3, etc.; tokn; and defS, defF, defN, and defX. The medium and long listings are almost identical to the short format except that they add information on the file's compression. The medium format lists the file's compression factor as a percentage indicating the amount of space that has been ``removed'':

-rw-rws-- 1.5 unx 2802 t- 81% defX 11-Aug-91 13:48 perms.2660

In this example, the file has been compressed by more than a factor of

five; the compressed data are only 19% of the original size. The long

format gives the compressed file's size in bytes, instead:

-rw-rws-- 1.5 unx 2802 t- 538 defX 11-Aug-91 13:48 perms.2660

Adding the -TT option changes the file date and time to decimal format:

-rw-rws-- 1.5 unx 2802 t- 538 defX 910811.134804 perms.2660

Note that because of limitations in the MS-DOS format used to store

file times, the seconds field is always rounded to the nearest even second. For Unix files this is expected to change in the next major releases of zip(1L) and unzip. In addition to individual file information, a default zipfile listing also includes header and trailer lines: Archive: OS2.zip 5453 bytes 5 files

,,rw, 1.0 hpf 730 b- i4:3 26-Jun-92 23:40 Contents

,,rw, 1.0 hpf 3710 b- i4:3 26-Jun-92 23:33 makefile.os2

,,rw, 1.0 hpf 8753 b- i8:3 26-Jun-92 15:29 os2unzip.c

,,rw, 1.0 hpf 98 b- stor 21-Aug-91 15:34 unzip.def

,,rw, 1.0 hpf 95 b- stor 21-Aug-91 17:51 zipinfo.def

5 files, 13386 bytes uncompressed, 4951 bytes compressed: 63.0%

The header line gives the name of the archive, its total size, and the total number of files; the trailer gives the number of files listed, their total uncompressed size, and their total compressed size (not including any of zip's internal overhead). If, however, one or more file(s) are provided, the header and trailer lines are not listed.

This behavior is also similar to that of Unix's ``ls -l''; it may be

overridden by specifying the -hh and -tt options explicitly. In such a

case the listing format must also be specified explicitly, since -hh or

-tt (or both) in the absence of other options implies that ONLY the

header or trailer line (or both) is listed. See the EEXXAAMMPPLLEESS section

below for a semi-intelligible translation of this nonsense.

The verbose listing is mostly self-explanatory. It also lists file

comments and the zipfile comment, if any, and the type and number of bytes in any stored extra fields. Currently known types of extra fields include PKWARE's authentication (``AV'') info; OS/2 extended

attributes; VMS filesystem info, both PKWARE and Info-ZIP versions;

Macintosh resource forks; Acorn/Archimedes SparkFS info; and so on.

(Note that in the case of OS/2 extended attributes-perhaps the most

common use of zipfile extra fields-the size of the stored EAs as

reported by zipinfo may not match the number given by OS/2's dir com-

mand: OS/2 always reports the number of bytes required in 16-bit for-

mat, whereas zipinfo always reports the 32-bit storage.)

ENVIRONMENT OPTIONS

Modifying zipinfo's default behavior via options placed in an environ-

ment variable can be a bit complicated to explain, due to zipinfo's

attempts to handle various defaults in an intuitive, yet Unix-like,

manner. (Try not to laugh.) Nevertheless, there is some underlying logic. In brief, there are three ``priority levels'' of options: the default options; environment options, which can override or add to the defaults; and explicit options given by the user, which can override or add to either of the above. The default listing format, as noted above, corresponds roughly to the

"zipinfo -hst" command (except when individual zipfile members are

specified). A user who prefers the long-listing format (-ll) can make

use of the zipinfo's environment variable to change this default:

Unix Bourne shell:

ZIPINFO=-l; export ZIPINFO

Unix C shell:

setenv ZIPINFO -l

OS/2 or MS-DOS:

set ZIPINFO=-l

VMS (quotes for lowercase):

define ZIPINFOOPTS "-l"

If, in addition, the user dislikes the trailer line, zipinfo's concept

of ``negative options'' may be used to override the default inclusion of the line. This is accomplished by preceding the undesired option

with one or more minuses: e.g., ``-l-t'' or ``-tl'', in this example.

The first hyphen is the regular switch character, but the one before the `t' is a minus sign. The dual use of hyphens may seem a little awkward, but it's reasonably intuitive nonetheless: simply ignore the

first hyphen and go from there. It is also consistent with the behav-

ior of the Unix command nice(1). As suggested above, the default variable names are ZIPINFOOPTS for VMS

(where the symbol used to install zipinfo as a foreign command would

otherwise be confused with the environment variable), and ZIPINFO for

all other operating systems. For compatibility with zip(1L), ZIPIN-

FOOPT is also accepted (don't ask). If both ZIPINFO and ZIPINFOOPT are defined, however, ZIPINFO takes precedence. unzip's diagnostic option

(-vv with no zipfile name) can be used to check the values of all four

possible unzip and zipinfo environment variables.

EEXXAAMMPPLLEESS

To get a basic, short-format listing of the complete contents of a ZIP

archive storage.zip, with both header and totals lines, use only the

archive name as an argument to zipinfo:

zipinfo storage

To produce a basic, long-format listing (not verbose), including header

and totals lines, use -ll:

zipinfo -l storage

To list the complete contents of the archive without header and totals

lines, either negate the -hh and -tt options or else specify the contents

explicitly:

zipinfo -h-t storage

zipinfo storage \*

(where the backslash is required only if the shell would otherwise

expand the `*' wildcard, as in Unix when globbing is turned on-double

quotes around the asterisk would have worked as well). To turn off the totals line by default, use the environment variable (C shell is assumed here):

setenv ZIPINFO -t

zipinfo storage

To get the full, short-format listing of the first example again, given

that the environment variable is set as in the previous example, it is

necessary to specify the -ss option explicitly, since the -tt option by

itself implies that ONLY the footer line is to be printed:

setenv ZIPINFO -t

zipinfo -t storage [only totals line]

zipinfo -st storage [full listing]

The -ss option, like -mm and -ll, includes headers and footers by default,

unless otherwise specified. Since the environment variable specified no footers and that has a higher precedence than the default behavior

of -ss, an explicit -tt option was necessary to produce the full listing.

Nothing was indicated about the header, however, so the -ss option was

sufficient. Note that both the -hh and -tt options, when used by them-

selves or with each other, override any default listing of member files; only the header and/or footer are printed. This behavior is

useful when zipinfo is used with a wildcard zipfile specification; the

contents of all zipfiles are then summarized with a single command.

To list information on a single file within the archive, in medium for-

mat, specify the filename explicitly:

zipinfo -m storage unshrink.c

The specification of any member file, as in this example, will override

the default header and totals lines; only the single line of informa-

tion about the requested file will be printed. This is intuitively what one would expect when requesting information about a single file. For multiple files, it is often useful to know the total compressed and

uncompressed size; in such cases -tt may be specified explicitly:

zipinfo -mt storage ".[ch]" Mak\

To get maximal information about the ZIP archive, use the verbose option. It is usually wise to pipe the output into a filter such as Unix more(1) if the operating system allows it:

zipinfo -v storage | more

Finally, to see the most recently modified files in the archive, use

the -TT option in conjunction with an external sorting utility such as

Unix sort(1) (and sed(1) as well, in this example):

zipinfo -T storage | sort -nr -k 7 | sed 15q

The -nnrr option to sort(1) tells it to sort numerically in reverse order

rather than in textual order, and the -kk 77 option tells it to sort on

the seventh field. This assumes the default short-listing format; if

-mm or -ll is used, the proper sort(1) option would be -kk 88. Older ver-

sions of sort(1) do not support the -kk option, but you can use the tra-

ditional ++ option instead, e.g., ++66 instead of -kk 77. The sed(1) com-

mand filters out all but the first 15 lines of the listing. Future

releases of zipinfo may incorporate date/time and filename sorting as

built-in options.

TTIIPPSS

The author finds it convenient to define an alias ii for zipinfo on

systems that allow aliases (or, on other systems, copy/rename the exe-

cutable, create a link or create a command file with the name ii). The ii usage parallels the common ll alias for long listings in Unix, and the similarity between the outputs of the two commands was intentional.

BUGS

As with unzip, zipinfo's -MM (``more'') option is overly simplistic in

its handling of screen output; as noted above, it fails to detect the wrapping of long lines and may thereby cause lines at the top of the

screen to be scrolled off before being read. zipinfo should detect and

treat each occurrence of line-wrap as one additional line printed.

This requires knowledge of the screen's width as well as its height.

In addition, zipinfo should detect the true screen geometry on all sys-

tems.

zipinfo's listing-format behavior is unnecessarily complex and should

be simplified. (This is not to say that it will be.)